Effect of three medium types, Murashige and Skoog (MS), Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) and Lloyd and McCown (WPM), two explant types (shoot-tip and single node cutting), three cytokinin types (Benzyladenine, Kinetin and 2-isopenteny1 adenine), two additives; viz., s (thiamine and pyridoxine hydrochloride) and amino acids (asparagine and arginine) and two gelling agents (guar seed powder and locust bean seed powder) combined with agar on micropropagation of Haplophyllum tuberculatum were investigated. For rooting, the effect of three auxins (Indole acetic acid, Indol butyric acid and Naphthalene acetic acid) were studied in combination with three medium strengths (full, half and quarter) combined with the best mixture (0.50 mgl-1 Kin + 6 gl-1 agar with 2 gl-1 guar seed powder) of gelling agents. Obtained results showed that Murashige and Skoog (MS) was the best medium with single node explant as starting material during establishment stage. Multiple shoots were obtained on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mgl-1 Kinetin (Kin) combined with 0.1 mgl-1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Thiamine and arginine were the best vitamins and amino acid at 0.1 mgl-1 and 0.50 mgl-1 , respectively. Agar at 6 gl-1 + guar seed powder at 2 gl-1 was the best gelling agent treatment. Half strength MS medium with 0.50 mgl-1 Kin + 0.5 mgl-1 NAA and 6 gml-1 agar with 2 gml-1 guar seed powder was the best combination for rooting were successfully (85% survival) acclimatized in mixture of peatmoss, vermiculite, washed sterilized sand and perlite (1:1:1:1, V/V/V/V).

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The present study was carried out in Egyptian Deserts Gene Bank (EDGB), North Sinai Research Station, Desert Research Centre, Egypt. The present study investigated the responses of Balanites aegyptiaca seeds to some chemical and physical factors, such as mechanical scarification, chemical scarification, GA 3 (gibberellic acid), dry heat treatment, potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ) in solutions of water, sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), tap and hot water. Results indicated that the highest germination percentage 73.50% was achieved with dry heat treatments at 60 o C for 15 minutes. Treated seeds with dry heat treatments at 60 o C for 15 minutes enhanced standard germination percentage to 70.62 % and germination rate to 1.3. GA 3. Hot water and mechanical scarification gave the best results in germination percentage, germination rate and standard germination. Some treatments were found to decrease germination percentage, standard germination and germination rate.

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In vitro consecutive micropropagation stages of Simmondsia chinensis was studied and a micropropagation protocol was developed by Four media were tested Murashige and Skoog (MS), Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH), Driver and Kuniyuk (DKW) and Lloyd and McCown (Woody plant medium, WPM) with shoot-tip and one node cutting for the establishment stage. Murashige and Skoog (MS) was found to be the best medium and one node cutting as starting material for establishment from mother plants. Multiple shoots were obtained on MS medium supplemented with1.00 mgl-1 6-benzyladenine (BA) in the combination with1.00 mgl-1 Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). High frequency of rooting was obtained on full MS solid medium supplemented with 7.00 mgl-1 Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) alone. Regenerated plantlets were successfully transferred to pots containing mixture of peat moss, vermiculite and sand at equal volume with 90% survival.