The objective of this research is to determine the rare earth elements (REEs) from themonazite minerals content of several tin tailing sands (TTS)of ex-tin mining area in Kuala Raya Singkep Island, Indonesia. We used the energy dispersive analysis of  X-ray (EDAX)-scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) to characterize the contents of the samples. The coupled analytical of XRD with SEM/EDX approach enabled to be used for mineralogical identification on the heavy mineral as a rapid determination approach. The analysis of the samples indicates only the presence of REEs including lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), and thorium (Th) are consistent with the identification of monazite and minerals in the tailing sand. The results show that the average REEs consist of La at 0.2 .%, Ce at 7.8 %, and Th at 2.0% respectively. It is concluded that monazite minerals in TTS has an economic potential to be developed. These monazite minerals can be used as material for semiconductor devices.

Rattan is a non-timber forest product that had very high economic value. This study aims to identify the diversity of rattan species and determine the pattern of rattan distribution found in Buluh Cina Nature Tourism Park, Buluh Cina Village, Kampar District. The benefits of this research were as a source of knowledge and information about the diversity of rattan species in Buluh Cina Nature Tourism Park. The types of data collected in this study were primary data and secondary data. The stages of this research was the position of the track or transect in the field determined using the Purposive Sampling Method. Data analysis in this study was descriptive. The diversity of rattan species in the Buluh Cina Nature Tourism Park, includes six types of rattan, namely Rattan Getah (Daemonorops angistofolia), Rattan Water Sago (Calamus axillaris), Rattan Sago Air (Calamus caesius), Rattan Cacing (Calamus cilliaris), Rattan Cimoti (Calamus sp) and Rattan Tunggal (Calamus sp), with the value of  diversity index 1.03 was clasified as low. The pattern of distribution of rattan was grouped (aggregate), this is because the value of Id on each observation line more than 1 species.

Lahan gambut di Provinsi Riau dapat dimanfaatkan dan dikelola di bidang pertanian dengan menerapkan sistem agroforestri, Salah satunya di Desa Dayun yang terletak di Kecamatan Dayun, Kabupaten Siak, Desa Lalang yang terletak di Kecamatan Sungai Apit, Kabupaten Siak, dan Desa Lalang Tanjung yang terletak di Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi Barat, Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti. Faktor yang mendukung untuk menerapkan sistem agroforestri ialah sistem agroforestri berupa jenis produk yang dihasilkan yang sangat beragam dibanding, namun pengembangan agroforestri dipengaruhi oleh tanggapan masyarakat atau persepsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji persepsi masyarakat terhadap agroforestri pada lahan gambut di Provinsi Riau. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode snowball sampling dan pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi masyarakat terhadap agroforestri pada lahan gambut di Provinsi Riau dapat dilihat dari pola penanaman dan pemilihan jenis tanaman agroforestri yang sesuai pada lahan gambut. Masyarakat juga beranggapan bahwa agroforestri pada lahan gambut sudah memberikan kontribusi baik dari aspek sosial ekonomi maupun ekologi. Adanya beberapa tanggapan/persepsi mengenai pertimbangan dan persiapan dalam menerapkan agroforestri pada lahan gambut. Masyarakat juga memberikan tanggapan yang baik terhadap keberlanjutan agroforestri dan berharap agroforestri dapat diterapkan seterusnya.

Ghimbo Potai Banned Indigenous Forest is a prohibited forest that has a variety of wood species and non-timber forest products used by communities around the forest, along with the times, the use of non-timber forest products began to decline. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of non-timber forest products that are used by the community in Ghimbo Potai Banned Indigenous Forest  and to determine the contribution of non-timber forest products to the community income around Ghimbo Potai Banned Indigenous Forest . This research was conducted with a qualitative descriptive method. The number of respondents was 170 respondents from Koto Tibun Village and Pulau Tinggi Village. The result show that Ghimbo Potai Banned Indigenous Forest  still has non-timber forest products that can still be used such as chempedak (Artocarpus integer), petai (Parkia speciosa), long jack (Eurycomma longifolia), rattan (Calamus rotang), rambutan (Nephellium sp.), langsat (Lansium domesticum Corr), tampoi (Beccauera sp.), tempunik (Artocarpus rigidus), durian (Durio zibethinus), jelutong (Dyera costulata), terap (Artocarpus sp.), pulasan (Nephelium mutabile), dogfruit (Archidendron pauciflorum) and the eyebrowed thrush (Turdus obscurus). The contribution of non-timber forest products in Koto Tibun Village was Rp. 596,400,000.00 per year, so the percentage of non-timber forest product revenue to total income was 19.56% and Pulau Tinggi Village no longer takes or utilizes existing non-timber forest products in Ghimbo Potai Banned Indigenous Forest .

Forests in Indonesia have very diverse species of trees. One of them is Pterocarpus indicus L. Pterocarpus indicus L.. is a pioneer tree that grows well in open areas. Pterocarpus indicus L. has fast growth and strong wood so that it can be used in greening activities in the community and on the highway. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of coconut water soaking length on Pterocarpus indicus L. seed germination and knowing the best long immersion time of Pterocarpus indicus L. seeds using coconut water in improving seed quality. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) method consisting of five treatments and three replications. The results showed that immersion with a mixture of coconut water affected the increase in the quality of Pterocarpus indicus L. seed germination. The best immersion time of Pterocarpus indicus L. seeds in a mixture of coconut water for 18 hours showed the results of the required time for germination seeds to reach 80% for 11 days, the increase in sprout height was 9,45 cm and the number of leaves as much as 7,85 strands.