No abstract

The thyroid hormone decarboxylation product, 3,5,3'-triiodothyronamine (T3AM), has been shown to inhibit the cAMP production stimulated by isoproterenol in turkey erythrocytes. This adrenergic receptor binding inhibition was not shown by the thyroid hormones nor by tyramine, but was observed for 3,5-diiodotyramine, 3,5-diiodothyronamine, and thyronamine. T3AM also inhibits prolactin secretion in cultured pituitary cells as well as domperidon binding in rat corpora striata membranes. T3AM has no thyromimetic activity at the nuclear level. The molecular structure of T3AM, determined as a borosalicylate salt by X-ray diffraction techniques, is the first report of a decarboxylated thyroid hormone analogue.

Using two tests in intact adult rats, it has been found that a high positive correlation exists (p < 0.005) between the ovulation inhibiting and the serotonin antagonistic activities measured in vivo of five tricyclic compounds and ten ergot derivatives. In these chemically different classes of compounds, certain structural modifications induced similar activity changes in both tests. These pharmacological results support the view that serotonin plays an essential, apparently facilitatory role in the central mechanisms controlling ovulation in the rat.

The ovulation inhibiting activity in adult rats of the 5HT-antagonists cyproheptadine, mianserin and methysergide is shown. Furthermore the activity of a newly synthetized Cycloheptathiophenederivative, compound 26-921, which inhibits LH-secretion and consequently ovulation, is described.

Opiate antagonists stimulate the release of LH and might, therefore, contribute to an innovative therapy for the treatment of numerous clinical syndromes characterized by hypofnnction of the HHG axis. The purpose of this work was to design and synthesize pure opiate antagonists useful for this therapy. Me, Et, Pr, and PhCH, groups were introduced at the crucial 14D-position of morphines and morphinans via a hetero-Diels-Alder key step starting from thebaine derivative 1 and tested for opiate antagonism and LH-stimulating activity. Me-, Et-, and Pr-substituted compounds 1la-C were stronger antagonists than naltrexone, whereas Pr and PhCH, substituents in l l c , l l d , 9d, 9d3, 9d4, and 9d5 led to orally active LH stimulators. Based on our finding that the y-antagonists 12 and lib5 showed no LH stimulation, we conclude that a Combination of both p -and x-antagonism is necessary for potent LH stimulation.Introduction. -Endogenous opiate peptides (EOP's) of the CNS participate in the regulation of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal (HHG) axis. In rodents as well as in primates, the administration of opiate agonists leads to suppression of the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH), while on the other hand, increased release of LH follows the application of opiate antagonists [ 11. Hypofunction of the HHG axis underlies numerous clinical syndromes such as the hypothalamic syndrome, idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism, secondary hypothalamic hypogonadism, Kullmun's syndrome, delayed puberty, adolescent menstrual disorders, anorexia nervosa, and stress-related disorders. The presently available therapeutic approaches -human gonadotrophin, anti-estrogens, and pulsatile LHRH -all have inherent drawbacks and limitations associated with them. Opiate antagonists as LH secretion stimulators, therefore, represent a potential novel approach to their treatment.With the above background in mind, we have attempted to synthesize potent, longacting, and orally active opiate antagonists as LH-secretion stimulators. In the present article, we describe the design, synthesis, and LH-stimulating activities of a series of novel 14P-alkylated N-(cyclopropylmethy1)morphinans and -4,5a -epoxymorphinans.