Introduction. The modern stage of development of electronics is characterized by the widespread use of integrated circuits (IC). Assessment of working conditions in a promising, developing production of electronic components with hygienic positions is an urgent task.The aim of the study is to conduct a hygienic assessment of working conditions of workers in the main professions in the production of IC.Materials and methods. Hygienic research conducted at three modern enterprises for the production of chips and semiconductor devices, included the study of the conditions and nature of work of workers in the main professions. 215 chemical analyses for the content of harmful substances were carried out in order to assess the air environment and 270 measurements of the levels of physical factors at 18 workplaces.Results. Findings of hygienic assessment of working conditions for employees engaged in manufacture of microcircuits: operators of chemical processing, precision photolithography (PPL), diffusion processes, vacuum deposition, and IMC assemblers are reported. Based on the analysis of the technological process and the list of materials used and time-study data, the studies of workplace air pollution, sound levels, artificial lighting, microclimate parameters (temperature, humidity, air velocity), working process parameters were carried out. The jobs in which work is characterized by toxic chemicals exposure, precision visual operations using optical instruments during 55% of the shift were singled out. Priority occupational health risk factors for workers employed in modern IMC production and main areas of working environment optimization were revealed.Conclusions. Based on the conducted hygienic studies, musculoskeletal system load combined with visual strain were found to be the priority occupational health risk factors for microcircuit production workers. Manual operations taking up a significant part of the working process and introduction of automated IMC technological processes being insufficient, preventive measures should be aimed at organizing a rational working regime that provides reducing of visual strain and musculoskeletal system load.

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Introduction. There are reported air quality assessment findings in enclosed spaces in experimental conditions using two kinds of nicotine-containing products - cigarettes and electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS), seem to be the most common types of smoking. Мaterial and Methods. In the process of the experiment concentrations of tobacco aerosol components, i.e.: 12 chemicals and two aerosols were measured. Studies were carried out in isolated rooms under monitored microclimate parameters and uniform air mixing. Groups of volunteers using cigarettes or electronic nicotine delivery systems and the control non-smoker group participated in the study; everybody gave their informed consent for participation in the experiment. Control of background indices for comparison of air quality in rooms where tobacco products were being smoked was carried out. Results. Our studies allowing to identify chemicals evolving into the air of enclosed rooms where “PARLAMENT Aqua Blue” cigarettes were smoked or electronic tobacco delivery systems “CRICKET Classic 3.0” were used, to estimate total amount of chemicals in air. Prevailing chemicals affecting human health, which can be recommended for the use in calculations and air study of enclosed rooms exposed to tobacco aerosol, were identified. Estimated values of adverse chemical concentrations, air flow and air expenditure rate, resulting from experimental data allow designing ventilation system with regard to hygienic requirements based on maximum allowable concentration values for atmospheric air. Conclusions. Suggested recommendations on calculation of ventilation parameters to produce comfortable human environment in passive smoking conditions will improve air quality in public buildings.

Introduction: The development of digital economy is impossible without a widespread use of microelectronic products. Many highly qualified specialists are employed in the production of electronic components. The objective of our study was to conduct a hygienic assessment of working conditions in electronics production. Materials and methods: We studied the conditions and nature of work in employees of the main occupations in the modern production of semiconductor resistors, capacitors, and microcircuits at all stages of the technological process. We measured noise, illuminance, and air pollution at workplaces and assessed labor severity and intensity based on work time observations. In total, over 1,250 tests of factors of occupational environment and indices of labor processes were made. Results: We established that air pollution with lead compounds, increased levels of noise, and hot microclimate mostly determined working conditions of employees engaged in preparation and processing of ceramic compositions. Occupational risk factors for those performing precision assembling operations and quality control using optical devices included severity and intensity of the labor process. Sensory load when performing these operations during 55–75 % of the work shift was assessed as Grade 3.1. Conclusions: Our findings helped identify priority adverse occupational factors for electronics workers’ health risk assessment and substantiate comprehensive measures for prevention of occupational and production-related diseases.

Findings of comprehensive assessment of occupational health risks in high-carbon ferrochrome production workers are reported. Groups of occupation- and employment duration related risk according to the general morbidity rate depending on the age and employment duration among smelters, blast-furnace keepers, cinder-men, batchers, crane operators, ferroalloy crashers, electrode operators and other smelter workers were identified. Hygienic studies covered the measurement of the following physical and chemical workplace factors: noise, whole-body and local vibration levels, electromagnetic fields and microclimate parameters (temperature, relative humidity, air speed, heat radiation intensity, environmental heat load index), artificial illumination, aerosol concentrations in workplace air and in neutral points of workrooms, average shift aerosol concentrations being calculated, and chemicals concentrations: calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, ferric iron oxide, chromic oxide, chromium anhydride, aluminium oxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide. Time-keeping study to evaluate the hardness of the working process and intensity in main occupations was carried out. Our studies revealed working conditions of major smelter occupational groups to be were evaluated as harmful and dangerous: 3rd class, 2nd degree. Microclimate (heat radiation, low ambient air temperatures, noise and environmental dust pollution were reported to be the most unfavorable working conditions; the hardness of the working process heaviness of all major occupational groups were classified as 3rd class, 1st degree. Working conditions of control group workers unexposed to harmful occupational factors of smelter shop were estimated as allowable. Findings on the risk for the gain in the morbidity rate (annual gain in the risk) depending on age and employment duration for the period of 2007-2016 are reported. The direct statistically reliable relationship between the increased disease incidence on age and employment duration is revealed; annual gain in the disease incidence rate is shown.