Taking into account the peculiarities of the behavior of cows, in particular in the conditions of modern intensive animal husbandry, is an important factor in ensuring the health of the herd and obtaining high-quality livestock products. Behavioral indicators can be effectively used to monitor animal feeding and housing conditions. The aim of the work was to get acquainted with the stereotype of behavior of cows in industrial conditions under different physiological conditions and methods of keeping. For this, a search, selection and analysis of publications was carried out according to the topic of the study. Web of Science Core Collection and PubMed scientometric databases were used to search for scientific articles. It has been established that in the conditions of modern dairy farms, cows should be in a lying position for about half of the daily time. The soft and dry surface of the couches, their sufficient spatial parameters, ensuring adequate conditions of the external environment (temperature, humidity, wind speed, lighting, etc.) The quality of rest also depends on the social environment, physiological state, individual characteristics of cows, etc. Providing free access to walking areas and pastures contributes to a more complete expression of the natural behavior of dairy cows. Cows prefer to stay outside the premises mainly at night. Open pastures are more attractive to cows than walking areas with sand or straw. Foraging behavior is an important factor in ensuring cow health and high milk productivity. It is determined by the parameters of cows' access to fodder and the fodder table, the quality, quantity and feeding algorithm of fodder mass. Feeding of cows should be organized in such a way as to ensure constant free access of animals to the feed table, constant satisfactory, without physical obstacles, availability of quality feed on the feed table. Maternal behavior of cows is an important indicator that allows you to assess the condition and conditions of keeping cows before, during and after calving. Therefore, changes in the behavior of cows can have important diagnostic and prognostic value. Conducting further research in this direction is an urgent task of veterinary science and practice. Key words: stereotypeof behavior, cows, methods of maintenance, calves, exercise, diet, dairy farms.

The article presents data from the scientific literaturedescribing the influence of microclimate parameters on thebody of sows and their offspring. The key factors of thenormal course of physiological processes in the body of sowsand piglets are the optimal temperature, light, air velocity andhumidity. Sensitivity of sows to climatic factors increasessignificantly during pregnancy and lactation. At elevatedoutdoor temperatures, heat stress develops, which negativelyaffects well-being and productivity of sows and significantlyharms the offspring due to intrauterine temperature load. Itis established that there are differences in genetic tolerance to high temperature between different breeds of sows.Changes in physiological and behavioral parameters can beobserved at different stages of the reproductive cycle of sows.Pregnant sows respond to heat stress by increasing rectal andskin temperature, respiration rate and reducing their overallactivity. Elevated ambient temperature during late pregnancyincreases the catabolism of lipids and proteins in the bodyof sows, the concentration of adrenocorticotropic hormone,cortisol in the blood increases. Heat-exposed sows also havea shorter gestation period and a lower nest weight of pigletsat birth. During lactation, there are changes in general andfeed behavior, reduced feed intake and as a result, the processof milk production is disrupted. In particular, it was foundthat with increasing temperature from 20.0 to 29.0 °C milkproduction in sows decreases from 10.43 to 7.35 kg/day(p <0.05). The content of immunoglobulins, vitamins andmicroelements in milk decreases. This leads to a violation ofimportant physiological functions of the body of piglets andhas a negative impact on their growth and development. Themost critical periods for sows are the end of summer and thebeginning of autumn, when anestrus is observed, the rates offertilization, farrowing, fertility and weight gain of piglets arereduced. This is due to an imbalance in the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal system and high levels of melatonin in theblood. The use of physiological and behavioral indicatorsis necessary to prevent climatic stress and increase animalproductivity. Key words: physiology, pigs, stress factors, thermoregulation, behavior, reproductive system, pregnancy, lactation.