Two hundred and forty samples were collected from turkey farms and various markets in Delta Governorates for Campylobacter spp. isolation. Multiplex PCR assay was used to identify 2 Thermophilic Campylobacter species (C. jejuni and C. coli). The prevalence of Campylobacter in turkeys (22.5%) observed in this study; C. jejuni was 15.4% and C. coli 7%. The high incidence of Campylobacter in liver was (30%) followed by skin (26.7%), cloacal swabs (21.3%) and finally intestinal content (16.7%). A food borne disease infected with campylobacteriosis resulting from consuming or handling of contaminated poultry meat. The high incidence of Campylobacter due to contamination to intestinal tract during evisceration can lead to direct contamination of the carcasses or indirectly through the hands of the processors, material or instrument used in processing. The amplification of the DNA belonging to Campylobacter genus specific (C. jejuni hipO) was (19%); (13.8%) C. jejuni at 323 bp and (5.8%) C. coli at 126 bp, while for C. jejuni 23S rRNA at 650 bp. PCR analysis for detection of Campylobacter can be utilized as a simple, rapid and sensitive tool to discriminate stains recovered from different sources, especially when used as profile analysis for a control strategy of C. jejuni in turkey farms to reduce the risk of human exposure to Campylobacter and is an important food safety issue. Multiplex PCR was found to be more reliable than the conventional cultural methods in species level for identification of Campylobacter isolates. Further epidemiological studies at different geographical areas, carried to discover the prevalence, magnitude and importance of Campylobacter infection in turkey farms.

The present study was carried out to screen and analyze the characteristics of antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter strains isolated frompoultry and human in the poultry farms of different localities in Egypt. A total of 340 samples were taken from poultry and human from poultry farms and examined bacteriologically for isolation of Campylobacter organisms. Fifty-six (16.47%) samples were identified as Campylobacter-positive; 50 (14.71%) from poultry samples and 6(1.76%) from human samples using conventional method. The isolates were42 (12.35%) isolates for C. jejuni including 38 (12.67%) from poultry samples and4(10%) from human samples. Isolates for C. coli were 14 (4.12%) including 12 (4%) from poultry samples and 2 (5%) from human samples detected. All Campylobacter isolates were evaluated for their antibiotic susceptibilities. Results of Antibiogram revealed that Campylobacter isolates were resistant to one or more of the antibiotics tested. Resistance was most frequently observed against streptomycin (96.4%) amoxicillin (94.6%), doxycycline (87.5%), Ampicillin (83.9%), nalidixic acid (85.7%), erythromycin and ciprofloxacin (82.1%). C. jejuni strains were often resistant to cephalothin (35.7%) than C. coli strains (42.8%). C. coli were sensitive to erythromycin and Streptomycin (100%). C. jejuni was an increase sensitive to amoxicillin and streptomycin (95.2%). The trend of resistance to gentamicin (28.6%) and tetracycline (50%) was observed for C. jejuni. The present study provides an assessment of the occurrence of multidrug resistance of Campylobacter isolates from chicken samples collected from the poultry farms in different localities in Egypt. The antimicrobial resistance rates among these pathogens are clearly important in risk assessment and management. Further research is also needed to better understand the relationship between antimicrobial used in poultry and humans and the bacterial resistance in humans.

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In this study, 160 day-old, Japanese quail chicks were randomly assigned into four groups, 40 birds of each. The first control group was fed on a basal diet (group1) and the other 3 groups were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.5% yeast, 0.5% yeast + 200mg fumincin-B1/ kg diet and 200mg fumincin-B1/ kg diet, respectively. The results of fumincin-B1(FBI) supplemented group showed a significant on increase in mortality rate, alanine amonotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholesterol, uric acid and createnine and a decrease in body weight, hatchability, fertility and hatching weight, hematological parameters, serum total proteins, globulins and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in comparison with the control group. Yeast supplementation was found to alleviate the toxic effects of FB1.