This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the homeopathic complex Homeopatila RS (REAL Homeopathy, Brazil), in the performance, sexual proportion and gills and liver histology of the Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus L.). 4,800 post-larvae were treated for 45 days, in 12 tanks (500 L), in a closed environment, with density of 400 larvae per tank. Three treatments were given: alcohol 30%, negative control (C); hormonal, positive control, 17 alpha-methyltestosterone (H); homeopathic, Homeopatila RS, in ethanol (HH), with four replications. Mean values for length, weight, liver somatic index, condition factor, survival rate, average values of histological alterations and sexual proportion were determined. Analysis revealed significant differences (p<0.05) in growth, survival rate, liver somatic index and average values of hepatic histological alterations between treatments. It was concluded that the addition of Homeopatila RS to the diet of Nile tilapias, during the phase of gonadal differentiation, did not induce any alteration in the sexual proportion. Homeopathically treated fish were significantly smaller, but had significantly greater survival than the other two groups, there was no significant difference in final total biomass. The homeopathically treated fish had a lower liver/somatic index with less hepatic lipid inclusions than the other groups.
Fish treated with the homeopathic complex had improved survival and muscle fiber hypertrophy, but were smaller (probably related to increased survival and overcrowding) compared to fingerlings treated with synthetic hormone or control.
O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido na UFPR - Campus Palotina - Paraná e em uma propriedade rural do município de Mundo Novo - Mato Grosso do Sul, durante o período de maio de 2002 a abril de 2003. O experimento foi delineado com os objetivos de avaliar: a) a eficácia do núcleo homeopático (nosódicos CH12, sacarose e Bixa orelhana) na prevenção da infestação natural por larvas de D. hominis e H. irritans em bovinos de corte e b) a dinâmica populacional de D. homins e H. irritans ao longo do ano. Para sua realização foram utilizados 24 vacas, de aproximadamente 15 meses de idade, distribuídas em dois grupos de 12 animais, com pesos médios semelhantes. Os animais do grupo A foram tratados com núcleo homeopático adicionado à suplementação mineral na proporção de 400 g de núcleo adicionado em 25 Kg da mesma. Os animais do grupo B receberam suplementação mineral (sem adição de núcleo homeopático). Foram contadas um total de 451 larvas de D. hominis. A análise de variância demonstrou diferença estatística significativa (p
RESUMO -O presente experimento teve como objetivo avaliar a resposta imune humoral de coelhos frente a extrato de larvas (L 2 e L 3 ) de D. hominis. Vinte e quatro coelhos foram imunizados com três diferentes extratos de larvas de D. hominis. Foram estabelecidos três grupos imunizados da seguinte forma: grupo A, com extrato solúvel; grupo B, com extrato bruto; e grupo C, com extrato solúvel e extrato bruto. Uma dose de reforço foi aplicada no 135 o dia após a primeira inoculação, nos animais dos grupos A, B e C. Amostras de soro foram coletadas quinzenalmente do dia 0 aos 150 dias após a primeira imunização (DPI) para verificar a cinética de produção de anticorpos por meio do ensaio de imunoadsorção enzimática (ELISA). Anticorpos circulantes foram encontrados em níveis máximos a partir de 45 DPI. A dose de reforço induziu o aparecimento imediato de uma resposta secundária. O extrato solúvel foi mais eficaz na estimulação da resposta imune humoral de machos e fêmeas. Constatou-se diferença significativa (P<0,05) na resposta imune humoral de machos e fêmeas apenas entre os animais do tratamento B. As fêmeas do referido tratamento apresentaram níveis de anticorpos superiores aos dos machos durante todo o período experimental.Palavras chave: Dermatobia hominis, larvas, extratos, coelhos, imunização.ABSTRACT -The purpose of this research was to evaluate the humoral immune response in rabbits immunized with extracts of D. hominis larvae (L 2 and L 3 ). Twenty four rabbits, immunized with three different larvae extracts, were studied in three groups. The immunization was carried out as following: group A, with soluble extract; group B, with raw extract; and group C, with soluble and raw extracts. In groups A, B and C a booster dose was applied on the 135 th day after the first immunization. Serum samples were collected biweekly from 0 to the 150 th day after the first immunization and processed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to access the antibody production kinetics. Circulating antibodies were found at maximum levels on the 45 th day after the first immunization. The booster dose induced an immediate secondary response. The soluble extract was the most efficient inducer of the humoral immune response in both females and males. A significant difference (P<0.05) was observed only in the group B, where females showed higher antibody levels compared to males during all the experimental period.Key words: Dermatobia hominis, larvae, extract, rabbits, immunization. IntroduçãoOs prejuízos econômicos causados pela dermatobiose se traduzem na perda da produção de leite e de carne, no retardo do crescimento, na pré-disposição a enfermidades diversas e danos parciais ou totais nos couros As grandes perdas econômicas geradas pela dermatobiose à bovinocultura da América Latina, tem despertado o interesse de pesquisadores no estudo de diferentes formas de controle. Entretanto, apesar dos estudos até
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