Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM), sometimes known as diabetes, is a collection of metabolic illnesses defined by a persistently high blood sugar level. Frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased appetite are common symptoms. In all nations, DM complications have become a serious public health issue. Objectives: A hospital-based study, a prospective observational study was conducted among diabetic patients with diabetic foot ulcers at Government Medical College (GMC), Nizamabad. From September 2020 to October 2021 Materials and Methods: To calculate the sample size, a total population of 450 patients with type 2 DM diagnosed during the 6-month study period was considered. DFU patients were studied clinical characteristics of diabetic foot ulcer patients among diabetes mellitus patients, and risk factors and outcomes of diabetic foot ulcer. Results: 100 Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) patients were admitted to the GMC throughout the research period, with 61 (61%) of them being male. The age group between 18 to 78 years, with an average of 58.9 ± 9.56 years. The following groups had higher frequencies among participants: married 56 (56 %), schooling up to primary school 36 (36%). Type 2 diabetes mellitus affected 59 of them (59%). Amputations were performed on 35 (35%) of the patients, whereas 65 (65%) had no amputation. The most generally recommended antibiotic for the treatment of DFU was cloxacillin + metronidazole 39 (39%), followed by ceftriaxone. Furthermore, diabetic foot ulcer patients with neuropathy were more likely to require amputation (AOR = 1.6250; 95 % CI: 0.6479, 4.0756) than diabetic foot ulcer patients without neuropathy. Conclusion: Blood glucose level, higher body mass index, inappropriate antibiotics use, neuropathy and advanced grade of diabetic foot ulcer were independent predictors of amputation. Thus, a focus on weight loss, treating hyperglycemia, and prescribing suitable antibiotics for patients with neuropathy and advanced diabetic foot ulcers might reduce the unfavorable consequences of diabetic foot ulcers.

Background: Fournier's gangrene (FG) is fast-spreading necrotizing gangrene that affects the perineum, perianal, and genital regions, but spares the testicles, bladder, and rectum due to their independent blood supply from the aorta. The purpose of this research is to share our experience managing 32 cases. Patients and method: Between April 2018 and May 2022, researchers from Government Medical College in Nizamabad conducted a prospective cross-sectional study of patients with FG. During the study period, all individuals diagnosed with FG and treated for it were included. Age, sex, hospital stay, premorbid conditions, mobility, mortality, laboratory examinations, and therapies performed are among the data collected from these. Results: A total of 38 patients were seen throughout the study, with four patients being eliminated due to missing data, leaving 32 patients for the final analysis. With a male to female ratio of 15:1, there were 30 (93.75%) males and 2 (6.25%) females.

Background: The World Health Organization describes polypharmacy as a safe and efficient treatment that complies with evidence-based medicine and uses at least five different medications. Aims and Objectives: The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of polypharmacy in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in rural population in South India. Materials and Methods: The study comprised a total of 100 patients, who were referred to the Government General Hospital, Nizamabad, between January 2020 and March 2022. The records of 50 randomly chosen non-diabetic patients who visited our hospital for other ailments were compared to those of the 50 T2DM patients. Results: In this study, a total of 100 patients were enrolled, out of which 62 were male (62%) and 38 were female (38%). The duration of diabetes was noted to be 0–5 years in 28 patients, 6–10 years in52 patients and >10 years in 20 patients. In our study, we observed that more than five drugs were prescribed to 45 patients in the case group and only ten patients in the control group. Conclusion: Our study shows that older adults with diabetes have a high prevalence of polypharmacy and that this condition may have a significant impact on a number of health-related outcomes. Each patient should receive a customized course of treatment with the right number of medications for their particular ailment. The danger of side effects increases with the number of medications.

Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is linked to a decrease in functional ability as well as a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite its widespread incidence, links to mortality, morbidity, and impaired quality of life, PAD is underdiagnosed and undertreated. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to review the available literature on this subject and analyze the mode of presentation, symptoms, signs, age incidence and results of conservative management and angioplasty, and stenting as measured by limb salvage and amputation rates. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on 40 patients chosen from the patients admitted in Government General Hospital, Nizamabad, with a diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease from May 2019 to April 2022. Results: It is revealed from the study that out of 28 patients with Atherosclerosis, 10 patients weremanaged conservatively, 12 underwent primary amputation, two secondary amputation, and four patients were managed with angioplasty and stenting of anterior tibial artery. Among the eight patients with Thromboangiitis Obliterans, six patients were managed conservatively, and two patients underwent primary amputations. Two patients with acute embolic disease were referred to higher center for embolectomy and remaining two patients with inconclusive etiology were managed conservatively. Conclusion: Atherosclerosis is mainly a disease of old age but now the trend is moving towards earlier decades as well. Hence, risk factor modification and awareness remain the best method of prevention. Embolectomy should be carried out aggressively in all cases with potentially salvageable limbs.

Aim: To study the Alvarado Scoring System in diagnosing acute appendicitis.usefulness of Alvarado Scoring System in cutting down the rate- of negative Appendicectomy without increasing morbidity and mortality. Material and methods: Study was carryout in the Govt.General Hospital,Nizamabad with Patients with symptoms & signs of acute appendicitis and suspected enough to warrant surgery for acute appendicitis. The application of this scoring system improves diagnostic accuracy and consequently reducesResults: negative appendicectomy and thus reduces complication rates. This study shows that Alvarado scoring system can be used toConclusion: diagnose acute appendicitis in the emergency department. It is easy and quick to apply. It also allows observation and re-observation regarding clinical behaviour of patient, whether or not to intervene for surgery.