Background: The incidence of burns in Indonesia progressively increases with the increase in its population and industries. From January to September 2000, 158 patients were treated in the burn unit of Dr Soetomo Hospital with a mortality rate reaching 5,8%. Burns have a direct effect in causing both local and systemic changes in the body, not occurring in other injuries. In severe burns, a hypermetabolic state can occur, which increases cardiac workload and causes muscle atrophy and other morbidities. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of propranolol on the hypermetabolic state in severely burned patients by measuring various clinical & laboratory parameters.Methods : This is an experimental study using pre and post test control group design with the objective of assessing the treatment outcome with oral propranolol given in 15 consecutive days for burn patients involving 25%- 60% TBSA. Measurements were taken three times, on day 0, 7 and 14.Results : Obtained 16 samples divided into 2 groups. In the treatment group, there was a significant decrease in CRP levels on days 0, 7 and 14 (p <0.05). The Mid Arm Circumference variable did not obtain a significant decreasing on days 0, 7 and 14. The albumin level studied showed a significant decreasing on day 0 & 7 days with a value of p = 0.045. From the comparison between the two groups, there were significant differences in CRP levels on days 0 & 14, with the mean value of the treatment group -5.12 + 2.88 and the mean value of the control group 2.86 + 7.37, and the value of p = 0.019.Conclusions: This study successfully proved that the administration of propranolol can overcome the effects of hypermetabolism which is characterized by decreasing in CRP levels.

Mandibular fracture treatments are to improve the patient's function and aesthetics, but it is not uncommon that postoperative complications to be present. Postoperative complications include surgical site infection, nonunion, malunion, malocclusion, nerve injury, scar tissue, Temporo-Mandibular Joint Disorder (TMD), as well as dental problem. This literature review aimed to understand and describe the postoperative complications of mandibular fractures based on previous studies.

Background : Burn injury is a trauma with high morbidity and mortality that requires special management from the start. stem cells have generated great hopes for the treatment of numerous conditions including burns. The Metaanalysis was performed for these preclinical studies to assess the efficacy and possible mechanisms of Amniotic Membrane Mesenchymal Stem Cell (AM-MSC) in treating burn wounds.Methods: . Seven studies identified by searching PubMed, MEDLINE,  databases from inception to October 2020. In addition, a manual search of references of studies was performed to obtain potential studies. Stata 16 was used for all data analysis.Results : The overall meta-analysis showed that AM-MSC therapy significantly improved burn healing rate (SMD 3.34, 95% CI 1.82 to 4.86), irrespective of transplant type, burn area, and treatment method in the control groupConclusions: Metaanalysis showed that AM-MSC therapy exerts appears to exert a positive effect in burn wound healing, mainly through angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory actions.  There is, therefore, justification for continued efforts to evaluate variations in future clinical studies using stem cells to treat a burn wound in order to maximize the effectiveness.  the use of stem cells as an adjunct to first-line therapies in burns.

Highlights: This research compared the hondroregenerative potential between bovine cartilage scaffold with platelet-rich fibrin (BCPRF) and autologous cartilage. The formation of newly-regenerated chondrocyte, the thickness of type II collagen, and the rate of cartilage resorption following the subcutaneous implantation were assessed. BCPRF is highly biocompatible and can be developed as an alternative to alloplastic porous polyethylene (Medpor) implant material.   Abstract: The invention of alternative implants with regenerative potential comparable to autologous cartilage continues to be encouraged due to high morbidity of the donor site related to autologous harvesting process. This research attempted an invention of alternative implant using tissue engineering techniques in the form of endogenous regeneration by combining decellularized bovine cartilage scaffold with platelet-rich fibrin (BCPRF) that was implanted subcutaneously. The study aimed to compare the chondroregenerative potential between BCPRF and autologous cartilage in terms of the formation of newly-regenerated chondrocyte, the thickness of type II collagen produced, and the rate of cartilage resorption following the subcutaneous implantation. This study was conducted in a pretest-posttest control group design using New Zealand white rabbits. Forty-eight experimental samples were divided into two groups, then treated with subcutaneous implantation of BCPRF and autologous cartilage respectively. The results were evaluated after six weeks of implantation. Thirty-nine samples were evaluated. There was a significant difference found from both groups in terms of the formation of newly-regenerated chondrocyte, the thickness of type II collagen (p=0.000), and the implant resorption rate (p=0.000). The microscopic images demonstrated a superior chondroregenerative potential in the group receiving implantation of autologous cartilage compared to the group receiving BCPRF. The chondroregenerative potential for autologous cartilage and BCPRF differed significantly in terms of the formation of newly-regenerated chondrocyte, the deposition of type II collagen matrix, as well as the resorption rate.