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Aim: to assess the clinical effectiveness of Giomer varnish in comparison to sodium fluoride in reducing dentin hypersensitivity. Methodology: Using a Split mouth design, 66 participants (132 teeth) of the outpatient clinic in the Faculty of dentistry, Cairo University, were enrolled. Each participant should have at least two sensitive teeth in different sides of the same jaw, with a visual analogue scale score two or more. Teeth were examined by using different stimuli: Evaporative, thermal and tactile stimuli. Sides were categorized randomly into two groups according to the desensitizing agents used either sodium fluoride or Giomer varnish. Degree of Hypersensitivity was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) before the application of the agents T 1 , immediately after T 2 , 1 week T 3 and one month later T 4. Data were analyzed using Two way ANOVA, partial eta-squared, Kruskal-Wallis, Bonferronicorrected Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney test and Chi-square tests. Absolute risk, relative risk, relative risk reduction with 95% confidence interval of dentin hypersensitivity were calculated. Results: Sodium fluoride exhibited high VAS scale at T 1 3.39(1.11), T 2 3.21(0.99) and T 4 3.13(1.01) with a non-statistical difference between them. While at T 3 statistically lower VAS scale 1.30 (0.9) was shown in this group. Giomer exhibited high VAS scale at T 1 3.79(1.5) followed by T 2 2.17(0.57) and T 4 2.56(1.87) with a non-statistical difference between them. While at T 3 lower VAS scale 0.17(0.57) was shown in this group. Influence of different assessment times within each agent was statistically significant at P <0.0001. At T2 and T3, Giomer revealed statistically lower VAS scale and it exhibited a relative risk reduction by 83% at T 3 and 24% at T 4. Conclusion: Giomer varnish is a promising desensitizing agent, which can replace sodium fluoride varnish in management of dentin hypersensitivity.

BackgroundDental caries is one of the most prevalent diseases. Fissure sealants have been proven to prevent the incidence or progression of dental caries provided their adequate placement and longevity. PurposeTo investigate the marginal integrity of a bioactive resin material compared to a conventional resin-based flowable composite during management of initial carious lesion in adult population over an 18 months period. Patient and methodsTwenty-four patients with an upper or lower molar that has an ICDAS score 1 or 2 on its occlusal surface, were selected for this study. The patienrs were divided randomly and equally into two groups. Group I was assigned to be sealed with a nano-filled giomer based sealant (Beautifil Injectable X, Shofu Dental Corp.) while Group II was assigned to be sealed with a nano-filled conventional flowable composite (Filtek z350 XT, 3m ESPE). Both sealants were applied after acid conditioning and the application of a bonding agent. The sealants were then evaluated for marginal integrity after six, twelve and eighteen months. ResultsThere was a non-significant difference between the two groups. There was a significant difference regarding the marginal integrity within each group after eighteen months. ConclusionBoth fissure sealants can successfully seal initially carious fissures. However, the marginal integrity of sealants should be evaluated periodically for repair. The nanofilled giomer flowable composite could be promising as a bioactive fissure sealant.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficiency of polymerizing unfilled resin based dental adhesives when cured under a continuous stream of nitrogen compared to air thinning and curing in ambient air environment. Materials and Methods: 2 groups of 5 teeth were sectioned parallel the occlusal surface, to expose dentin. Unfilled universal adhesive (All-bond Universal, BISCO) was applied to the 2 groups; Control group, solvent was evaporated using air syringe and cured in ambient air, while for the intervention group nitrogen was used to evaporate the solvent and the adhesive was cured under a stream of nitrogen. After post curing and wiping the surface with alcohol, the teeth were sectioned parallel to the occlusal surface into slides of 1mm thickness to evaluate the film thickness of the cured adhesive under electron microscope (BS-SEM). Images of BS-SEM images were analyzed using (ImageJ2 software). Results: Statistically significant difference between the two groups was found in favor of the intervention group (P<0.05). The mean adhesive film thickness of the intervention group and the control group were 7.02μm and 3.33μm respectively. Conclusions: Curing the dental adhesive under a stream of nitrogen from a nitrogen tank connected to a 3-way syringe, can be a clinically achievable alternative to efficiently cure resin. Further studies are required to test the bond strength and durability of the adhesive, when cured under a stream of nitrogen.