The objective of this study is to construct an approach based on multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) and balanced scorecard (BSC) for evaluating performance for three nongovernmental Iranian's banks. Following the literature relating to banking performance and BSC concepts, experts and managers select 21 indexes for evaluation. Furthermore, fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) calculated the relative weights of each chosen index in order to tolerate vagueness and ambiguity of information, and three MCDM analytical tools (TOPSIS, VIKOR, and ELECTRE) were adopted to rank the banking performance. The results indicate that a customer “” has the most significant BSC perspectives and the customer satisfaction “” is the most major index in banking sector. This proposed fuzzy MCDM method combined with BSC approach is a comprehensive and up-to-date model that can be a useful and effective assessment tool.

The aim of this study is to fill the existing gaps in the marketing literature, by providing a comprehensive comparison of rational versus emotional appeals based on high and low involvement products to increase advertising effectiveness. Further, this article is an attempt to test, empirically, the effect of different advertising appeals on advertising attitude and consumer purchase decision. Quasi-experimental design method is used in this study to investigate the impacts of different rational and emotional appeals for different product categories (high and low involvement product). Sunscreen and laptop are considered as low involvement and high involvement products, respectively. 160 undergraduate students participated in this experiment from Iranian universities (Islamic Azad Tehran University). In this experiment, participants were randomly exposed to four persuasive messages for each product. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-test and regression analysis were used to test the impacts of appeals for high and low involvement products. Our study shows that both advertising appeals (rational and emotional) have a positive effect on advertising attitude and purchase intention. Whereas for low involvement products emotional appeals have a more significant effect on advertising attitude, for high involvement products rational appeals are more influential. This research not only concentrates on the impacts of different emotional and rational appeals, but also provides beneficial insight of advertising appeals for advertising practitioners and academics on designing different product categories (high and low involvement products).

Different approaches have been proposed during recent years to improve the solutions obtained by multivariate curve resolution methods, among them studies on circumstances that result in unique answers are of particular importance. Three so‐called resolution theorems proposed by Rolf Manne comprehensively discuss and survey these conditions. Despite the importance of these theorems, they have not attracted much attention in the literature. In this work, we have returned to the resolution theorems by using visualization tools for calculation and demonstration the area of feasible solutions in a simulated three component system. The effect of selectivity and local rank constraints on rotational ambiguity in the results of self modeling curve resolution methods is the focus. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The aim of this study is to fill the existing gap in consumer behavior literature by demonstrating the comprehensive antecedents of consumer misbehavior model. Consequently, this paper contributes to elucidate the salient factors that lead customers to misbehave. Data were collected from a survey of chain stores in Iran, Tehran (Hyperstar, Hyperme, shahrvand)(n=384). Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were utilized to analyze the data. This study represents associations between past consumer misbehaviors, Personality variables (Machiavellianism, self-esteem, sensation seeking, aggressiveness, Consumer Alienation), Environmental variables (Layout and design, atmospherics, Perceptions of employee service, Exterior environment), Situational variables (Loyalty Intention, Severity of dysfunctional misbehavior, Perceived opportunity, Perceived risk service) and motivational variables (financial motivation, Ego gain motivation, Revenge motivation). our empirical results offer support for the forwarded research model and demonstrate that future misbehaviors intention is considerably affected by past misbehaviors. Summary of statement of contribution: The novelty point of this study is to illuminate the antecedent of misbehavior for the first time based on the background of Iranian culture. Furthermore, no study has been observed to explore the association between customers' motives, personality, contextual and environmental factors with past and future intentions. This paper puts forward some suggestion for future research.