Over 65% yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose was obtained under mild condition by using ZSM-5/HT composite as acid/base bifunctional catalyst.

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This work demonstrates a simple approach for the efficient removal of tetracycline (TC) antibiotic from an aqueous solution. The in situ-adsorption removal method involved instant precipitation formation of mixed metal hydroxides (MMHs), which could immediately act as a sorbent for capturing TC from an aqueous solution, by employing layered double hydroxide (LDH) components including magnesium and aluminum ions in alkaline conditions. By using this approach, 100% removal of TC can be accomplished within 4 min under optimized conditions. The fast removal possibly resulted from an instantaneous adsorption of TC molecules onto the charged surface of MMHs via hydrogen bonding and electrostatically induced attraction. The results revealed that our removal technique was superior to the use of LDH as a sorbent in terms of both removal kinetics and efficiency. Moreover, the recovery of captured TC was tested under the influence of various common anions. It was found that 98% recovery could be simply achieved by using phosphate, possibly due to its highly charged density. Furthermore, this method was successful for efficient removal of TC in real environmental water samples.

In this study, the catalytic performance of bimetallic NiW modified ZSM‐5 catalysts for hydrocracking conversion of crude palm oil is presented. Crystalline ZSM‐5 zeolites with precisely controlled SiO2/Al2O3 ratios (SARs) of 30, 50, 70 and 100 were successfully synthesized from kaolin via the hydrothermal method. To enhance their catalytic activity, as‐prepared zeolites were modified with Ni, W and NiW by the impregnation technique. The catalysts were characterized by various techniques. The total amount of Ni and W in the catalysts was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy technique and found to be in the range of 3.08–3.16 and 5.88–6.39 wt%, respectively. These NiW‐ZSM‐5 catalysts showed good activity for the production of biofuels, and their catalytic activity decreased in the order NiW‐ZSM‐5 > Ni‐ZSM‐5 > W‐ZSM‐5 > ZSM‐5. The incorporation of NiW improved the production of both hydrogenation and dehydrogenation hydrocarbon compounds. Moreover, the different SARs in ZSM‐5 zeolite also affected the catalytic activity and NiW‐ZSM‐5 with SAR of 50 gave an excellent conversion (96.20%). Additionally, the types of the obtained hydrocarbon products were identified as gasoline (C5–C10), kerosene (C9–C11) and diesel (C10–C20) by simulated distillation gas chromatography‐flame ionization detector and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. © 2016 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. © 2016 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

To produce high yield and quality hydrocarbon biofuel, HZSM-5 zeolite loaded with different Zn concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20wt.%) was used to palm oil cracking in batch reactor. Reaction temperature and reaction time were optimized. The products contained liquid hydrocarbon biofuel, distillation residual and coke. The physical properties of biofuel products were determined. The results presented that 15% Zn/HZSM-5 exhibited higher hydrocarbon biofuel yield (20.27%) and their excellent product properties with higher heating value (HHV), low viscosity and moisture content. A highest hydrocarbon biofuel yield and good alkane range hydrocarbons distribution from palm oil were obtained under reaction temperature of 420°C for 5 hours.