Three maize inbred lines were grown in pots with Eutric Cambisol using 9 fertilisation variants (control 10 kg/ha Zn -on soil surface; 5 kg/ha -foliar application; 61 kg/ha P; 61 kg/ha P and 10 kg/ha Zn -on soil surface; 61 kg/ha P and 5 kg/ha Zn -foliar application; 183 kg/ha P; 183 kg/ha P and 10 kg/ha Zn -on soil surface; 183 kg/ha P and 5 kg/ha Zn -foliar application). The effects of phosphorus and zinc fertilisation on the dry matter yield, plant height, stalk diameter as well as phosphorus and zinc concentrations in ear-leaves were investigated. Significant differences were found between the lines in all parameters investigated except for phosphorus concentration. Line Os87-24 was characterised by the best results in the total biomass production. Zinc fertilisation decreased while phosphorus fertilisation increased total plant dry matter mass. Phosphorus fertilisation increased its concentration in the ear-leaves. Zinc fertilisation, especially foliar, resulted in Zn concentration increase in the ear-leaf of the lines investigated.

Sugar beet fertilization is a very complex agrotechnical measure for farmers. The main reason is that technological quality is equally important as sugar beet yield, but the increment of the root yield does not follow the root quality. Technological quality implies the concentration of sucrose in the root and the possibility of its extraction in the production of white table sugar. The great variability of agroecological factors that directly affect root yield and quality are possible good agrotechnics, primarily by minimizing fertilization. It should be considered that for sugar beet, the status of a single plant available nutrient in the soil is more important than the total amounts of nutrients in the soil. Soil analysis will show us the amount of free nutrients, the degree of soil acidity and the status of individual elements in the soil so that farmers can make a compensation plan. An estimate of the mineralizing ability of the soil, the N min, is very important in determining the amount of mineral nitrogen that the plant can absorb for high root yield and good technological quality. The amount of N needed by the sugar beet crop to be grown is an important factor, and it will always will be in the focus for the producers, especially from the aspect of trying to reduce the N input in agricultural production to preserve soils and their biodiversity but also to establish high yields and quality.

The influence of seed inoculation with a bio-preparation of nodule bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum, fertilization of 0, 40, 80, 120 kg N/ha and molybdenum topdressing on the yield of green mass, dry ma�er, seed, average number of pods per plant, average number of seeds per pod, average nodule number per plant, nodule dry weight as well as plant and seed protein concentration were studied during the two years of investigations on two soils -Mollic Gleysols and Eutric Cambisols. The highest values of all investigated parameters were obtained in the inoculated seed variants with molybdenum application, except the average nodule number per plant where the highest values were achieved in variants without molybdenum. The effect of nitrogen fertilization depended on the soil type, i.e. its chemical properties. The largest number of the investigated parameters obtained the highest values as a result of fertilization with 40 kg N/ha on Mollic Gleysols (3.96% humus). Thus, seed yield was 4.02 t/ha, nodule dry ma�er 0.482 g per plant whereas seed protein concentration was 26.91%. The largest number of the investigated parameters on Eutric Cambisols (1.07% humus) obtained the highest values with fertilization of 80 kg N/ha where seed yield amounted to 3.65 t/ha, nodule dry ma�er 0.456 g per plant while seed protein concentration was 26.48%.

This study aimed to analyze the seasonal dynamics of sugar beet leaf and root yield and quality in different plant populations and the nitrogen fertilization rate. The field trials were set as four different planting densities (60,000 to 140,000 plants ha−1) and three different spring nitrogen fertilization rates: no fertilization, pre-sowing (45 kg ha−1 N), and pre-sowing with top dressing (99 kg ha−1 N in 2014 and 85.5 kg ha−1 N in 2015. The changes of leaf growth were done measuring leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf area (SLA), and leaf area ratio (LAR). The highest LAI in 2014 was determined on 30 July at 140,000 plants ha−1 (9.35 m2 m−1) and in 2015 on 20 June at 100,000 plants ha−1 (4.83 m2 m−2). In both years, the SLA and LAR was highest at the end of May. In relation to plant density, higher plant densities had on average the highest root yield, sucrose content, and white sugar yield. In both years, pre-sowing with top dressing spring nitrogen fertilization resulted in the highest root (95.0 t ha−1) and white sugar yield (11.4 t ha−1), whereas the highest sucrose content was after pre-sowing fertilization (14.9%).

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of different pH values of water solution (pH 4.5, 5.5, 6.5, 7.5 and 8.5) and temperatures (10, 15 and 20 ºC) on fibre flax seed germination and seedlings morphological characteristic (seedling root and stem length and total seedling length). The study was conducted in the controlled conditions by rolled filter paper in 4 replicates for 7 days. The average germination rate of flax seed was 84%. The highest germination rate was found at 20 ºC (88%) which was very significant (P<0.01) as compared to germination rate at 10 ºC where it was decreased by 9%. The highest share of normal seedlings was determined at pH 5.5 (70%) and the lowest at pH 8.5 (59%).There was no statistically significant influence of different pH on morphological characteristic of fibre flax seedlings (seedling root and stem length and total seedling length). The statistically significant difference (P<0.01) was determined in the length of the seedlings depending on the temperature, whereby after 7 days the largest seedlings were developed at 20 ºC (14.4 cm) and the shortest at 10 ºC (2.1 cm). In general, the lowest pH value (4.5) as well as the highest pH value (8.5) in this study resulted in a lower share of normal and healthy seedlings (63% and 59% respectively) and compared with seedlings of other pH values they developed a smaller root and stem.