Background:The transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is parenteral, sexual and prenatal. Prevention of vertical transmission of HBV is extremely important, because HBV infection in early life usually results in a chronic carrier state. There has been so much debate about hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening in pregnant women.Objectives:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBsAg+ among pregnant women referred to Beheshti hospital in Kashan in 2012.Patients and Methods:This descriptive study was carried out on 768 pregnant women, hospitalized in Beheshti Hospital of Kashan in 2012. After obtaining consent forms, the questionnaires including demographic and HBV infection-associated risk factors were filled through interview and then 5 mL blood was taken from each patient and HBsAg was examined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. These data were analyzed by statistical package for the social science (SPSS) software.Results:A total of 12 (1.56%) out of 768 pregnant women were HBsAg+. The mean age of HBsAg+ cases was 24.5 ± 4 years. Most of the HBsAg+ cases (66.6%) were uneducated; 17.7% of the pregnant women were not Iranian, of which 7.4% were HBsAg+. There was no high-risk job, recent dentistry interruption or skin tattoo among the HBsAg+ cases.Conclusions:In this study, 1.56% of pregnant women were HBsAg+, which was higher than the previous studies. This increasing prevalence may be due to the increase of non-Iranians’ migrations to Iran. Control of migration and screening and vaccination of these groups should be considered by health policy makers.

e35214th International Congress on Infectious Diseases (ICID) Abstracts -Analysis of H. pylori virulence gene vacAs1 and cagA by conventional PCR method, emphasizing high sensitivity of PCR method.

Infectious arthritis due to Candida glabrata is very rare. A 40-year-old Iranian man had developed a painful swelling on the left knee since a year ago. A surgery (meniscectomy) was performed on his knee. However, in follow-up visit after 2 months, the patient's condition was deteriorated. Direct examination of synovial fluid with Gram and hematoxylin-eosin stains were negative for any bacterial or fungal infection or crystal elements; however, inoculation into BACTEC™ Mycosis IC/F and Plus Aerobic/F culture bottles led to the isolation of a yeast strain. The macroscopic examination on CHROMagar™ Candida medium combined with microscopical examination on CMT80 agar made a presumptive identification of the isolate to be considered as C. glabrata, and it was later on confirmed by ITS sequencing. Initial empirical treatment was started with intravenous amphotericin B for 4 weeks followed by oral itraconazole which was unsuccessful. Prescription of an oral 150-mg tablet of fluconazole was considered for a 2-month course. All symptoms completely declined, and no recurrence of infection was detected. Antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) was performed for this isolate, and the result showed sensitivity to both amphotericin B and itraconazole and less susceptibility to fluconazole while clinical recovery was achieved by fluconazole. In any suspected clinical case caused by infectious agents, application of an effective fungal diagnostic test should be considered to avoid complications due to misdiagnosis. The correlation of AFST result with real in vivo therapeutic responses can be strain or patient dependent, and this should be considered for a successive treatment.

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e99as high as 58.2% in multi-transfused children, 51.6% in children on hemodialysis and 87.5% in adult dialysis patients. Among populations at indirect risk, family contacts of HCV positive individuals had a prevalence of 5.7%, diabetic children a prevalence of 3.1%, select professions such as barbers 12.3%, and health care workers 15.7%, while Injection drug users and prisoners had a prevalence of 63% and 31.4%, respectively. Common risk factors appear to be increasing age, parenteral anti-schistosomal therapy, frequent transfusions, injections or surgical procedures.Conclusion: With the highest HCV prevalence in the world, Egypt appears to be experiencing an HCV epidemic. High HCV prevalence levels especially among select clinical populations, is indicative of ongoing iatrogenic transmission. Therefore, prevention programs need to be developed targeting HCV transmission routes such as better infection control practices in hospitals, healthcare and dental care facilities.http://dx.1 kashan university of medical sciences, kashan, isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of 2 kashan university of medical sciences, Kashan, Isfahan, Iran, Islamic Republic of 3 infectios disease department, kashan, Iran, Islamic Republic of Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its sequelae are major global health problems. It is estimated that 400 million people worldwide are HBV carriers.This study was conducted to evaluate HBsAg persistence, risk factors of HBV infection and detect of HBeAg positive cases and abnormal liver enzyme tests among chronic HBV carriers in Kashan Methods: This descriptive study was performed in HBsAg positive blood donors who detected after blood donation during 10 years ago. They were invited to retest HBsAg. After obtaining consent form a questionnaire consisting demographic and history of risk factors of HBV infection were filled by interviewing and then 5cc blood was taken from cases and HBsAg was measured by ELISA method. Who had HBsAg positive test HBeAg, liver enzyme tests were measured .The results were analyzed by SPSS,fisher exact and T test.Results: Of 150 HBsAg positive blood donors 124(83.7%) were male and 26(17.3%) female. Persistence and clearance of HBsAg was seen in 132(88%) and18(12%)respectovely .There was no significant statistical correlation between sex, age,marital status, history of icther,endoscpy,tattoo.transfusion,with persistence of HBsAg . (P value>0.05) HBeAg was positive in 18.2% of HBsAg positive cases. There was abnormal aminotransferase There was no statistical correlation between ALT, AST and ALKP with HBeAg (P value>0.05) .Chronic hepatitis B was detected in three patient.Conclusion: Considering the lower rate of clearance of HBsAg,and also detecting of suspected cases of chronic hepatitis,determine of HBeAg state and periodic examination of liver