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Allergic Rhinitis is a chronic, inflammatory disease induced by an IgE-mediated reaction and identified clinically by the presence of symptoms of nasal discharge, itching, sneezing and nasal congestion. The aim and objectives of the study was to determine serum IgE and eosinophil levels in patients with allergic rhinitis and healthy controls, men and women, different age groups and to establish a correlation between serum IgE and eosinophil. A retrospective study was conducted in the outpatient department of ENT in ICARE institute of medical sciences and research, Haldia during the time span of March 2016 to February 2017. A total of 155 subjects (113 cases and 42 controls, 74 men and 81 women) of age 1 month-75 years were selected for the study. Blood samples obtained were analyzed to determine serum IgE and eosinophil levels and the results were subjected to statistical analysis using STATA 12 software. The mean values and standard deviation of the serum log IgE and eosinophil levels in cases and healthy controls, men and women, various age groups were obtained and tabulated using paired t test and MV test. Pearson's correlation was performed to establish a relationship between serum log IgE and eosinophil levels. The mean values of serum log IgE and eosinophil levels were found to be higher in cases (log IgE-5.65, IgE-814.36 IU/ml, eosinophil-4.49%) when compared to controls (log IgE-4.43, IgE-96.62 IU/ml, eosinophil-2.36%). Men predominance was seen in mean serum log IgE levels (IgE-1018.5 IU/ml, log IgE-5.92) whereas women predominance in mean eosinophil counts (4.96%) in allergic rhinitis. A weakly positive correlation of 0.194 was established between serum log IgE and eosinophil levels. Estimation of serum IgE and eosinophil can serve as a simple, non-invasive and reliable investigative tool in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) known to be a common type of chronic rhinitis which affects 10-20% of the general population while asthma is another major health problem and leading cause of morbidity in the worldwide. Vitamin D, a steroid hormone known for its important role in immunological effects has a role in AR and asthma. Aims and Objectives: The aim of our study was to assess the serum vitamin D levels in patients with asthma and seasonal AR pre-treatment or post treatment with oral vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol -1000 IU) and to study the pathogenesis of the disease. Materials and Methods: The study included 66 AR and asthma patients and 46 control subjects.Fasting serum samples of control and AR subjects were analyzed for routine biochemical parameters immediately after collection while aliquots of the samples were also stored at -20 0 C for the assay of 25-hydroxyvitamin D by ELISA. Results: Serum vitamin D levels were found to be significantly lower in AR and asthma patients compared with controls (p < 0.0001). On receiving vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol -1000 IU) we found an increase in vitamin D serum levels in AR and asthma patients as compared to controls (p < 0.0001).Conclusion: Supplementation of vitamin D may be beneficial in the prevention of the pathogenesis of AR and asthma.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a perforated tympanic membrane with persistent drainage from the middle ear (i.e. lasting &gt;6-12 weeks). A prospective study was undertaken to find out the baseline data on the prescribing pattern of drugs in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 125 patients attending ENT OPD and microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care teaching hospital with ear discharge and other symptoms and signs of CSOM<span lang="EN-IN">.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Unilateral infection is more common 82 (65.6%) than bilateral and mostly affects lower socio-economic conditions 90 (72 %). The single bacterial isolate was seen in 102 (81.6%) cases. The mixed growth (contamination) was observed in 12 (9.6%) cases, The 11 (8.8%) cases were found sterile. Higher sensitivity (75%- 95%) was observed with cefuroxime (76.6%), piperacillin/tazobactam (78.7%), doxycycline (85.1%), amikacin (89.4%), and moxifloxacin (93.6%). It showed 38.3% sensitivity with ampicillin, 55.3% with ciprofloxacin, and 61.7% with macrolides. Levofloxacin (85.1%) was more sensitive than ciprofloxacin<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Evaluation of microbiological pattern and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in local area become helpful in prescribing empirical antibiotics for successful treatment of otitis media and thus minimizing its complications and emergence of resistant strains<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt;"><strong>Background:</strong> Nasal obstruction is a common cause of marked nasal septal deviation. It is related strongly with hypoxia. Hypoxic conditions increase mean platelet volume levels. Many studies in literature point out that inflammation related to nasal polyp is mostly dependent on eosinophils and their inflammatory products. Beside eosinophils, platelets may have a role in nasal polyp development. Platelets are involved in hemostasis, tissue repairing and inflammation. Recently, mean platelet volume (MPV) was recognized as a simple inflammatory marker in the inflammatory disease<span lang="EN-IN">. </span>This study investigated the relationship of nasal polyps with MPV (mean platelet volume), platelet count and NLR (neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio).</p><p class="abstract" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt;"><strong>Methods:</strong> The cross-sectional observational study we investigated CBC (complete blood count) parameters of the patients that consulted ENT clinic in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Haldia because of nasal polyp. <span style="color: #101010;">About 76 patients and 42 controls were included in this study. In all groups, WBC (white blood cell count), RBC (red blood cell count), RDW (red cell distribution width), platelet count, MPV, PDW (platelet distribution width) and NLR parameters from CBC (complete blood count) were compared between patients and controls</span><span lang="EN-IN">.  </span></p><p class="abstract" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt;"><strong>Results:</strong> Mean WBC values were 6.89±1.33×103/μL in patients with NPs, vs. 7.11±2.32×103/μL in the control group. Mean haemoglobin (Hb) values were 13.19±1.34 g/dL in patients with NPs, vs. 14.1±1.67 g/dl in the control group. Mean MPV values were 9.11 ± 1.08 fL in patients with NPs, vs. 8.32±0.53 fL in the control group. Mean PLT values were 232.38 ± 39.97×103/μL in patients with NPs, vs. 271.44±45.14×103 in the control group. MPV was higher in nasal polyp patients, whereas platelet count was higher in controls. The difference was significant for the mean absolute neutrophil, platelet count, and lymphocyte counts, NLR, PDW and MPV values between the study group and the control group<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><strong><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-IN">Conclusions:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-IN">Platelet count and NLR were significantly lower in patients than the controls, whereas MPV was significantly higher in nasal polyp patients</span><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-IN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-IN">. </span>