[eng] Agriculture and environment : toward a sociology of the institutional settings . This paper aims at providing an analytical model of the environmental regulations of agriculture. These firstly can be distinguished according the object, the underlying meaning of environment, the incentives, the scale and mode of implementation. But some case-studies show that regulation have to solve technical/scientific uncertainties and economic/social ones as well: this can only be done by mobilizing and coordinating hererogeneous elements. Considering these processes a new typology of institutional settings is drawn up. It emphasizes the double constraint of any regulation : it has to fit in the logic of one institutional setting and has to be developed within a communicational process that gives credibility and reliability to each involved actor. [fre] Cet article propose un modèle d'analyse des modes de régulation environnementale de l'agriculture. Les composantes apparentes de ces mesures sont dégagées : objet, représentation de l'environnement, incitants, échelle d'application et mode d'administration. Mais des études de cas indiquent que ces mesures doivent résoudre des incertitudes tant scientifiques et techniques que sociales et économiques, et qu'elles ne peuvent le faire qu'en mobilisant et coordonnant des éléments moins visibles. Il dégage alors une typologie des dispositifs institutionnels et montre que les mesures et programmes agri-environnementaux obéissent à une double contrainte : de cohérence d'un type de dispositif d'une part, de communication qui assure la crédibilité et la solidité des acteurs impliqués, d'autre part.
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