We examine the impact of decentralized public policy in the form of intergovernmental fiscal transfers on local election outcomes –the probability of reelection. We assemble a new and unique dataset recording every local executive election in the period 1995-2011 and examine the electoral effect of various types of intergovernmental fiscal transfers. We find that the odds of reelecting local incumbents are increasing in the incumbency dummies for both major parties. Local governments which receive a positive discretionary transfer from the provincial government have also associated higher odds of being reelected. The probability of reelection is also increasing in the difference in the vote share between the winner and the runner-up in the previous election. Finally, we find evidence that the amount of discretionary transfers per capita affect positively the probability of reelection only in those governments aligned with the provincial government. Our results are robust to controlling for other potential explanatory variables.
We analyse regional convergence between Argentine provinces in well-being indicators for the period 1970-2001. More specifically, we examine the role of regional public policy in reducing the development gap between the provinces. We find strong evidence of conditional convergence in well-being indicators. However, we find no evidence that redistributive transfers from the federal government to the provinces have had a positive effect on convergence in these indicators. In fact, we find that for some schooling, health and housing measures, the effect of federal transfers on improvement rates might have been contrary to what was expected.
Un aporte al debate sobre la convergencia en Argentina: la importancia de los cambios estructurales 1
RESUMENEl análisis del crecimiento económico de las provincias argentinas, signado por su comportamiento idiosincrático, es un valioso aporte a los estudios de convergencia regional. En el presente trabajo, se propone un análisis de Convergencia Beta y Sigma de las provincias argentinas para el periodo 1970-2007, con variables que aproximan el capital humano, las economías de escala, la inversión y la política fiscal. Adicionalmente, se intenta aislar el efecto de shocks sobre el crecimiento económico de provincias con diferentes estructuras productivas, y sus consecuencias sobre la convergencia/divergencia regional en Argentina.
Se examina la relación entre transferencias federales, la existencia de un premio salarial en el sector público y sus efectos sobre los salarios privadosen Argentina. El análisis empírico se basa en la presunción teórica que las transferencias fiscales desde el gobierno federal se utilizan para financiar mayor empleo público desincentivando la actividad privada. Los resultados sugieren que el sector público paga un premio salarial. Este premio escreciente en el nivel de transferencias por habitante. No hay evidencia deun efecto agregado positivo sobre los salarios privados. Sin embargo se encuentra una relación positiva y significativa entre transferencias y los salarios pagados a trabajadores con menor educación, para trabajos que requieren una calificación técnica ó profesional la relación es negativa. Los resultados apoyan, en general, la hipótesis que el sector privado enfrenta una mayor competencia en los mercados de trabajo en aquellas provincias que reciben mayores transferencias desde el gobierno central.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.