Brazil. Scientific, intellectual, conception and design of the study; analysis and interpretation of data; statistics analysis; critical revision. ABSTRACT PURPOSE:To evaluate the renal function and the renal histological alterations through the stereology and morphometrics in rats submitted to the natural process of aging. METHODS:Seventy two Wistar rats, divided in six groups. Each group was sacrificed in a different age: 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months.It was performed right nephrectomy, stereological and morphometric analysis of the renal tissue (renal volume and weight, density of volume (Vv [glom] ) and numerical density (Nv [glom] ) of the renal glomeruli and average glomerular volume (Vol [glom] )) and also it was evaluated the renal function for the dosage of serum creatinine and urea. RESULTS:There was significant decrease of the renal function in the oldest rats. The renal volume presented gradual increase during the development of the rats with the biggest values registered in the group of animals at 12 months of age and significant progressive decrease in older animals. Vv [glom] presented statistically significant gradual reduction between the groups and the Nv [glom] also decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS:The renal function proved to be inferior in senile rats when compared to the young rats. The morphometric and stereological analysis evidenced renal atrophy, gradual reduction of the volume density and numerical density of the renal glomeruli associated to the aging process.Key words: Aging. Kidney. Histology. Rats.Quantitative analysis of the renal aging in rats. Stereological study Acta

Purpose To evaluate changes in the quantity of elastic fibers in the corpora cavernosa of rats during the natural aging process, and to assess the degree of this change by determining volumetric density (Vv) at different ages via stereological analysis.Methods Forty-eight rats, raised under similar conditions, were subjected to the natural aging process and divided into four groups (G1 to G4), according to age at the time of penectomy (6, 9, 12, and 24 months, respectively). Histological sections of the middle segment of the penis were stained with Weigert’s resorcin-fuchsin, and the volumetric density (Vv) of elastic fibers of the corpora cavernosa were determined via stereological analysis.Results There were no statistically significant differences in Vv among groups G1, G2, and G3. These three groups were therefore considered as a single group. The mean Vv of this group showed a statistically significant reduction compared to that of G4 (0.16 vs. 0.11, p<0.05).Conclusion Natural aging in rats was responsible for a reduction in volumetric density of elastic fibers of the corpora cavernosa (approximately 30% decrease in Vv) during senescence.

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Campanhas que estimulam o rastreamento do câncer de próstata no Brasil são realizadas anualmente e preconizam o uso do toque retal associado à dosagem sérica do antígeno prostático específico. Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados e a aplicabilidade de um protocolo de rastreamento do câncer de próstata em Chapecó-SC. Métodos: Foram analisados dados clínicos de questionários de perfil epidemiológico e testes de dosagem de PSA de 249 homens, acima de 45 anos, residentes de Chapecó-SC e conveniados à Unimed, por meio de consulta ao banco de dados e exames do laboratório do Hospital Unimed Chapecó. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 249 homens cuja média de idade foi de 51,2 anos. A média de valor do PSA da amostra foi de 0,82 ng/dL e 3,2% dos pacientes tiveram seu resultado acima de 2,5 ng/dL. 14,05% possuem histórico de parente de primeiro grau com câncer de próstata. Discussão: Evidências sugerem que não é necessário realizar o rastreio para câncer de próstata. Todavia, nos Estados Unidos, a US Preventive Services Task Force recomendou a não realização do rastreio e houve um aumento de metástases à distância do câncer de próstata em indivíduos com idade superior a 75 anos. A recomendação mais atual indica que deve ser feito de forma individualizada em pacientes entre 55 e 69 anos, para diagnóstico em estágio inicial e redução do sobrediagnóstico e overtreatment. Conclusão: Diante dos dados apresentados, a individualização no rastreamento é mais importante que o rastreamento populacional indiscriminado.