OBJECTIVESThe objectives of this study were to develop a pointing device controlled by head movement that had the same functions as a conventional mouse and to evaluate the performance of the proposed device when operated by quadriplegic users.METHODSTen individuals with cervical spinal cord injury participated in functional evaluations of the developed pointing device. The device consisted of a video camera, computer software, and a target attached to the front part of a cap, which was placed on the user’s head. The software captured images of the target coming from the video camera and processed them with the aim of determining the displacement from the center of the target and correlating this with the movement of the computer cursor. Evaluation of the interaction between each user and the proposed device was carried out using 24 multidirectional tests with two degrees of difficulty.RESULTSAccording to the parameters of mean throughput and movement time, no statistically significant differences were observed between the repetitions of the tests for either of the studied levels of difficulty.CONCLUSIONSThe developed pointing device adequately emulates the movement functions of the computer cursor. It is easy to use and can be learned quickly when operated by quadriplegic individuals.
Objective: This retrospective study evaluated treatment with individually contoured molded bracing at early stages of the disease. Methods: We evaluated the medical records of patients undergoing treatment of Blount's disease with molded orthoses for medial decompression between 2010 and 2014. The deformity angle (Drennan's metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle) and Langenskiöld classification were measured before and after treatment by a pediatric orthopedic surgeon with over 5 years of practice, blinded for the study and patients. Results: The mean age was 2.57 years old. Four patients were female and six male. Half of the total sample had bilateral disease. The average deformity angle showed a statistically significant reduction after treatment (p <0.001). Gender and laterality did not statistically influence the change of the deformity angle after treatment (p> 0.05). Conclusion: The nightly use of molded orthoses for medial decompression was effective in reducing the metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle in Blount's disease in children under 3 years of age, regardless of gender and bilateral disease. Patients over 3 years old did not benefit from bracing. Level of Evidence IV, Case Series.
A artrite reumatóide (AR) é uma das principais causas de incapacidades em idosos, pois suas deformidades geram dificuldades para as atividades cotidianas. Assim, fazem-se necessários estudos que avaliem em que medida ela interfere na capacidade funcional e como essa população minimiza seus efeitos. Com este propósito, foi conduzido estudo em um Hospital Escola da Cidade de São Paulo, em 2008 para caracterização funcional de idosos com esse problema. Participaram da pesquisa 12 pessoas com AR, com pelo menos sessenta anos, que deambulavam, apresentavam comprometimento de mão e punho e estavam em seguimento clínico com reumatologista. Utilizou-se o Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (Folstein, 1975) para inclusão no estudo. Para a caracterização sócio-demográfica e funcional foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Classificação de Idosos quanto à Capacidade para o Autocuidado (Almeida, 2003), Escala Numérica Verbal (Andrade et al, 2006), goniômetro e dinamômetro computadorizados. Os resultados apontam para o comprometimento da capacidade funcional e escassez de respostas de enfrentamento a esta condição. Os participantes apontaram dificuldades para em média 5,6 atividades, sendo que 100% possuía dificuldades físicas para duas ou mais atividades. Em média houve redução da força de preensão palmar e pinça, e da amplitude de movimento. Práticas de autocuidado foram adotadas para somente 36,7% do total de suas atividades diárias. Considerando-se a cronicidade da AR e o próprio envelhecimento, a tendência é que este quadro piore. Dessa forma, evidencia-se a necessidade de serviços de saúde que tenham infraestrutura para manter ou melhorar a capacidade funcional de idosos, visando sua independência e participação social.
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