OBJECTIVE:To analyze the risk factors associated with neonatal deaths among children with low birth weight.
METHODS:A cohort study was carried out on live births weighing between 500 g and 2,499 g from single pregnancies without anencephaly in Recife
RESULTS:After adjusting the variables through multivariate logistic regression, the factors from the distal level that remained signifi cantly associated with neonatal death were: cohabitation by the parents, number of live births and type of maternity hospital. At the intermediate level, the factors were: number of prenatal consultations, complexity of the maternity hospital and type of delivery. At the proximal level, the factors were: sex, gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score and presence of congenital malformation.
CONCLUSIONS:The main factors associated with neonatal mortality among low weight live births are related to prenatal and postnatal care. Such factors are reducible through health sector actions.
in Recife, death by cervix cancer are more frequent among adult, black, single, housewives, women living in poor neighborhoods and attended to at national health system hospitals, with differences in death risk among age ranges and living place.
Foi realizado estudo caso-controle com o objetivo de analisar os fatores de risco associados à mortalidade perinatal no Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, 2003, de acordo com um modelo hierarquizado de determinantes proximais, intermediários e distais. Foram considerados casos os óbitos perinatais com peso ao nascer igual ou superior a 500g, de gravidez única e não portador de anencefalia. Os controles foram os nascidos vivos entre 26 de dezembro de 2002 e 31 de dezembro de 2003, que não evoluíram para o óbito até seis dias completos de vida, com as mesmas características dos casos. Com o linkage entre o banco de dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos e o de óbitos perinatais, obtiveram-se 403 casos e 1.612 controles. Após regressão logística múltipla, com a inclusão de variáveis dos três níveis de determinação, constituíram-se fatores de risco para mortalidade perinatal: a prematuridade (OR = 18,23), o baixo peso ao nascer (OR = 4,90), a idade da mãe igual a ou maior que 35 anos (OR = 1,97), o nascimento em hospitais participantes do Sistema Único de Saúde (OR = 1,93) e a escolaridade da mãe inferior a quatro anos de estudo (OR = 1,78).
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