El objetivo de este estudio es validar la Escala de Mitos hacia el Amor en una muestra de adolescentes y comprobar si existen diferencias en los mitos hacia el amor en función del género. La muestra está formada por un total de 800 estudiantes de Secundaria, 421 chicas y 387 chicos, con una media de edad de 15.98 años (DT = 1.53). El análisis factorial confirmatorio muestra un adecuado ajuste para el modelo bidimensional de siete ítems que se distribuyen en el mito del amor idealizado y el mito del amor maltratador. La escala logra fiabilidades adecuadas (.70 y.86) y en general buenas propiedades psicométricas. Las chicas son las que presentan una visión más idealizada del amor que se relaciona con el sexismo benevolente; mientras que los chicos que presentan su mayor aceptación al mito de la vinculación amor-maltrato son a su vez, los más sexistas hostiles.

Social role theory (Eagly, Wood, & Diekman, 2000) predicts that traditional gender ideology is associated with preferences for qualities in a mate that reflect a conventional homemaker-provider division of labor. This study assessed traditional gender ideology using Glick and Fiske's (1996, 1999) indexes of ambivalent attitudes toward women and men and related these attitudes to the sex-typed mate preferences of men for younger mates with homemaker skills and of women for older mates with breadwinning potential. Results from a nine-nation sample revealed that, to the extent that participants had a traditional gender ideology, they exhibited greater sex-typing of mate preferences. These relations were generally stable across the nine nations

The Spanish validation of the MGH-SFQ is a reliable and valid self-reporting questionnaire to assess sexual dysfunctions in Spain. Its psychometric goodness of fit, together with its brevity and ease of use, make it a useful instrument to detect overall, as well as particular sexual dysfunctions.

In the present study we analyzed the impact of vocational goals, sexist attitudes toward women, and motivation on career choice, in a sample of 448 Spanish college students (65.2% women and 34.1% men). Although we found some similarities between men and women in terms of their motivational orientations (extrinsic vs. intrinsic) and vocational goals, men's extrinsic motivations appear to differ depending on the college major. We also found differences in sexist attitudes toward women by gender and chosen major: both male and female students enrolled in technical majors reported the most sexist attitudes (both hostile and benevolent). These findings underline the importance of taking sexist attitudes toward women into account in attempts to explain gender differences in career choice, something which has been largely overlooked in the research to date.The political and social changes that have taken place in Spain over the past few decades in the interest of equality between the sexes have allowed a large number of women to obtain a higher education and thus be guaranteed a place in the public sphere. Before such changes occurred, women generally were segregated from public life and relegated to the privacy of family life. Nowadays, as many Spanish women as men receive formal education, and women represent 60% of the Spanish college undergraduate student population (MEC, 2004). Data on Working Population by GenderNot only are women enrolled in formal education to the same extent as men are, they are obtaining excellent academic results (more than one-half of the college valedictoriansonly three are chosen nationally for each major-were women during the -2003 BOE, 2004). However, what is surprising, and indeed discouraging, is that despite such academic achievements, women still have not attained the same presence in the working world that men have. In fact, there is still a relatively small percentage of women who work outside the home (35.9% of the total Spanish workforce are women, as compared to 43.9% in the European Union overall; Instituto de la Mujer, 2003).Spain is, in fact, the country in the European Union with the greatest gap between men and women in terms of employment. In Spain, 25.1% more men than women are employed, followed by Italy (25.0% difference) and Greece (24.1%); the average European gender gap is 17.1% (MTAS, 2004). In addition, almost twice as many Spanish women as men are unemployed and looking for work (15.56% women vs. 8.2% men), and the difference between men's and women's gross annual income is 29% (INE, 2002). Fields of Study by GenderOne possible explanation for such differences in men's and women's income and employment status may be the differential enrollment of women and men in the various college majors. In our country, the distribution of college students among the different fields of study is still largely determined by gender. Women represent only one-fourth of all graduates in technical fields, whereas in the remaining degrees, three of every four graduates is a woman (MEC...

Resumen: El objetivo de esta investigación es doble, por un lado se ha evaluado la fiabilidad y la validez de la versión española de la Escala de Homofobia Moderna en adolescentes; y por otro, se evaluará tanto los niveles de homofobia que los y las adolescentes tienen, así como la relación de la homofobia con el sexismo ambivalente. La Escala de Homofobia Moderna evalúa actitudes tanto hacía hombres gays (MHS-G) como hacía lesbianas (MHS-L). La muestra quedó formada por un total de 800 estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, de los cuales un 50.7 % son chicas y un 49.3 % chicos, con una media de edad de 15.19 años (DT: .92). Los resultados muestran una estructura factorial coherente, con índices de ajuste adecuados. La fiabilidad (siempre superior a .80) y la validez externa (con una correlación significativa entre la homofobia con la transfobia y el sexismo). Finalmente, observamos que los chicos expresan significativamente más actitudes de homofobia que sus compañeras. Consideramos por lo tanto, que esta escala es un instrumento útil y preciso para detectar las actitudes homofóbicas sutiles hacia gays y lesbianas. Palabras clave: Homofobia; validación; adolescentes; escala de homofobia moderna; gay; lesbiana.Title: Validation of the Modern Homophobia Scale in a sample of adolescents. Abstract: The objective of this paper is both, to analyse the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Modern Homophobia Scale, and to assess the homophobia level of adolescents as well as the association between homophobia and ambivalent sexism. The Modern Homophobia Scale assesses the attitudes toward gay men (MHS-G) and lesbians (MHS-L). The sample was made of 800 Spanish students of Secondary Education (50.7% female and 49.3% male) with ages ranging from 15 to 19 years (mean age = 15.19; SD: .92). Results showed a coherent factorial structure with adequate fit indexes. Reliability -alpha over .80-and external validity -the gay and lesbians form were significant correlated with transphobia and sexism. Finally, we observed that the boys expressed significantly more homophobic attitudes toward gay men and toward lesbians than girls does. Therefore, this scale is a useful and necessary to detect subtle homophobic attitudes toward gays and lesbians. Key-words: Homophobia; validation; adolescents; modern homophobia scale; gay; lesbian. IntroducciónEl estudio de las actitudes hacia los homosexuales y las lesbianas está alcanzando en las últimas décadas cierta relevancia dentro del área de las ciencias sociales. Para analizar adecuadamente las actitudes prejuiciosas hacia las personas homosexuales y lesbianas, debemos recurrir a los conocimientos que nos aportan las relaciones interraciales, así como los estudios sobre las actitudes prejuiciosas hacia las mujeres. Las investigaciones interraciales han detectado que los valores de racismo en la última década se han recanalizado hacia nuevas formas más suaves o sutiles de expresión que se han etiquetado como racismo simbólico (Sears y Kinder, 1971), racismo avers...