The aim of this research study is to investigate how different levels of corporate social responsibility are visually framed through corporate publications used in marketing communications. Photographs used as visual marketing communication tools in the annual and sustainability reports of top American multinational companies that practice and promote measures of corporate social responsibility were analyzed. Findings indicate the corporations overall emphasize environmental sustainability efforts and visually communicate their practices through depictions of employees while other social responsibility efforts are often communicated through depictions of consumers. A discussion on the patterns of visual frames that communicate corporate social responsibility and the impact of visuals on organizational identity, brand image, and reputation are offered.
This chapter provides an overview of circular economy (CE) and related concepts such as eco-design, biomimicry and eco-industrial development, exploring theoretical and empirical overlaps and complementarities. The circular economy concept is regarded in this chapter as the inspiration to guide public, civil societal and private sectors towards zero waste practices. Firstly, these concepts are independently reviewed from existing literature, categorising some of their nexus. Secondly, this chapter explores the distinction and tensions between the zero waste concept and the zero waste to landfill concept.Acknowledging how the nature of the stakeholders influences their resource management, the remaining chapters of this book were grouped per type of the main stakeholder (public and private sector and civil society) that promotes CE practices.
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