The objective of this study was to determine whether a high‐fat diet (HFD) fed to goats for a brief period during peri‐conception would optimize reproductive and foetal responses. Thirty‐four Anglo‐Nubian crossbred adult goats were allocated into three groups: control (n = 11), fed with a total mixed ration (TMR) based on chopped elephant grass and concentrate; HFBM (n = 11), given TMR supplemented with soybean oil on a 0.5% dry matter basis for 11 days starting nine days before mating (BM); and HFAM (n = 12), fed with soybean oil included in the TMR for 15 days after mating (AM). The TMR diets differed in their fat content (7.5% vs. 2.9%). All goats had oestrus synchronized for 14 days BM by intravaginal administration of 60 mg MPA sponge for 12 days. Forty‐eight hours BM, the sponge was removed and 0.075 mg PGF2α was applied intramuscularly. After 36 h, 1 ml GnRH was administered intramuscularly, and goats were mated after sponge removal. The fat groups showed lower feed intake (p < .001) and higher cholesterol levels (p < .001) when HFD was administered. Doppler and B‐mode ultrasound evaluations revealed a greater (p < .05) number of small (<3 mm, 10 ± 0.6 vs. 8 ± 0.5) and large (≥3 mm, 6 ± 0.4 vs. 5.0 ± 0.2) follicles and intraovarian blood area (p < .05) in the HFBM group during sponge removal (57.6%) and mating (24.2%) than those of the no‐fat group. During AM, the fat‐fed groups exhibited higher glutathione peroxidase levels (p < .05) and a reduction (p < .001) in corpus luteum size (19%) and vascularized Doppler area (41%). No difference (p > .05) between groups was found in foetal traits, placentome and umbilical vascular development, except for the embryonic vesicle where HFAM twin pregnancy showed a smaller size than the control (26.1 ± 3.5 cm vs. 33.7 ± 2.7 cm; p < .01). Thus, HFD applied during peri‐conception of goats has no impact on later foetal development but improved the follicular growth when given before the mating. Thus, the use of HFD in periconception has no impact on foetal development but increases follicular growth before breeding time.
Neste estudo investiga-se o efeito de diferentes composições de dietas de alto grão na terminação de cordeiros sobre o desempenho e alterações no comportamento ingestivo e fisiológico. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros machos, sem padrão racial definido com peso inicial médio de 20,9 kg, com 6 meses de idade. Foram elaboradas três dietas com diferentes proporções de concentrado e volumoso (100:0, 80:20 e 60:40), sendo a porção concentrada das dietas compostas por grão de milho inteiro associando ao suplemento protéico-mineral-vitamínico. Não houve efeito (P > 0,05) das dietas teste para os consumos de matéria seca (MS), matéria mineral (MM), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), carboidratos totais (CT) e nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT), expressos em g/dia e % de peso vivo. As médias de ganho de peso total e diário e peso de abate foram semelhantes (P > 0,05) entre as dietas, registrando-se ganho de peso diário de 0,302, 0,254 e 0,259 g/dia com 100, 80 e 60% de concentrado, respectivamente. Os cordeiros alimentados exclusivamente com concentrado diminuíram o tempo dedicado a ruminação (P ≤ 0,05), e apresentaram maior eficiência na alimentação (EAL) e ruminação (ERU). Os animais da dieta sem volumoso apresentaram acentuada variação de temperatura na região do rúmen, enquanto que cordeiros das dietas com 80 e 60% de concentrado apresentaram alterações de temperaturas próximas no mesmo período de avaliação. Todas as dietas avaliadas apresentaram desempenho satisfatório, e apesar das alterações observadas no comportamento ingestivo dos animais, essas não foram suficientes para prejudicar os índices de desempenho dos cordeiros.
This study examined the effect of glycerin supply strategies in different short-term protocols on follicular dynamics and ovulatory rate in Morada Nova sheep. Eighteen Morada Nova ewes with body condition > 2.9 had their estrus and follicular waves synchronized using three injections of prostaglandin analogue at seven-day intervals. All animals received the same diet during 21 days, which consisted of a total mixed ration (TMR) based on chopped elephant grass and concentrate twice daily. In the control group (n=9), ewes were fed the TMR diet. In the other four groups, ewes received 150 mL of glycerol daily, supplied as an oral drench or mixed in the TMR during three or seven days prior to the application of the third PGF2 alfa analogue. These groups were named as follows: Drench3d (n=10), Drench7d (n=8), TMR3d (n=9) and TMR7d (n=9). Follic le dynamics were monitored by ultrasonography, and plasma glucose and glutathione peroxidase levels were measured at the third prostaglandin administration. Six days after the final PGF2 alfa analogue dose, ovulatory rate was measured by laparoscopy. Glucose was higher (P< 0.001) in the glycerin-treated groups than in control group (83.7 ± 1.7 vs. 68.4 ± 4.5 mg. dL -1 ; P < 0.001). Ewes in the TMR3d, Drench7d and TMR7d groups had a greater (P < 0.001) number of large follicles (≥ 3 < 5 mm), and the presence of follicles larger than 5 mm was observed. In the same groups, at the third PGF2 alfa analogue dose, a greater (P < 0.001) number of growing follicles (> 3 mm) and a larger size of the largest follicle (P < 0.001) were also recorded. Ovulation rate was 30% higher in the groups that received glycerin for seven days (1.6 ± 0.1 53 vs. 1.1 ± 0.1; P < 0.05), and they also exhibited a 38% reduction in glutathione peroxidase. Thus, the use of glycerin in Morada Nova sheep as a source of energy in short-term supplementation for increase ovulation rate is an efficient strategy when provided for seven days, either orally or in the feed.
A carne caprina vem se sobressaindo ao longo dos últimos anos como uma boa opção de consumo, seja pelo seu valor nutricional ou pela sua qualidade sensorial. O valor comercial da carne tem sido baseado no seu grau de aceitabilidade pelos consumidores, e está diretamente correlacionado aos parâmetros de palatabilidade do produto (CABRAL, 2011). Nos últimos anos há um crescente interesse pela carne caprina, principalmente de animais jovens, em função de suas propriedades nutricionais, pois apresentam baixos teores de colesterol, gordura saturada e calorias, além de elevados níveis de proteína (MADRUGA, 1999). Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a influência da erva-sal (Atriplex nummulária) sobre a composição centesimal da carne de cabrito, como aditivo ou conservante. Fundamentação Teórica A carne caprina é de excelente qualidade nutricional, com baixos teores de gordura e elevado percentuais proteicos, associado às excelentes características sensoriais. Com relação à qualidade e quantidade das proteínas da carne caprina, pode-se dizer que essa carne é excelente fonte nutricional e apresenta diferenças em sua composição química em seus diferentes tipos de cortes. Existe relação entre a suculência da carne e a idade do animal, ou seja, quanto menor a idade do animal, maior a suculência de sua carne, devido à maior capacidade de retenção de água, e
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