Data on urban and rural diabetes prevalence ratios show a significantly lower presence of diabetes in rural areas. Several bioactive compounds of plant origin are known to exert anti-diabetic properties. Interestingly, most of them naturally occur in different plants present in mountainous areas and are linked to traditions of herbal use. This review will aim to evaluate the last 10 years of evidence-based data on the potential anti-diabetic properties of 9 plants used in the Piedmont Alps (North-Western Italy) and identified through an ethnobotanical approach, based on the Occitan language minority of the Cuneo province (Sambucus nigra L., Achillea millefolium L., Cornus mas L., Vaccinium myrtillus L., Fragaria vesca L., Rosa canina L., Rubus idaeus L., Rubus fruticosus/ulmifolius L., Urtica dioica L.), where there is a long history of herbal remedies. The mechanism underlying the anti-hyperglycemic effects and the clinical evidence available are discussed. Overall, this review points to the possible use of these plants as preventive or add-on therapy in treating diabetes. However, studies of a single variety grown in the geographical area, with strict standardization and titration of all the active ingredients, are warranted before applying the WHO strategy 2014–2023.
Cette contribution, écrite à quatre mains, propose un panorama des études francoprovençales sur les deux versants des Alpes. Dans un premier temps, on abordera l’histoire de la documentation des variétés francoprovençales sur le territoire italien, en Vallée d’Aoste et dans les vallées piémontaises comprises entre les Vallées Orco et Soana, au nord, et la Val Sangone, au sud. En traversant les Alpes, on analysera, ensuite, les développements français de la dialectologie francoprovençale qui ont tourné autour de la figure de Pierre Gardette (1906-1973) et de son institut de linguistique romane à Lyon. Quelques perspectives d’innovation dans les pratiques de recherche et de valorisation de la langue francoprovençale seront abordées en conclusion.
Le but de cette contribution est d’illustrer le projet de recherche multidisciplinaire de l’Université de Turin « _Culture e Lingue delle Alpi Piemontesi. Atlanti linguistici, musei etnografici: percorsi multimediali per l’educazione al territorio alpino_ (CLAPie) ». Le projet, qui a débuté en 2012, vise principalement à relier les données des atlas linguistiques qui ont été collectées dans la région alpine du Piémont (l_’Atlas Linguistique de la France_, le _Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz_, l’_Atlante Linguistico Italiano_, _l’Atlante Linguistico Etnografico del Piemonte Occidentale_ et l’_Atlante_ _Toponomastico del Piemonte_ _Montano_) avec celles réunies par les musées ethnographiques du même territoire. À travers la réalisation du projet, nous nous proposons d’illustrer des dynamiques et des modalités inédites de lecture du territoire alpin, qui pourront devenir, à leur tour, une ressource importante pour la préservation et la promotion des réalités locales. Ceci avec la création d’un espace virtuel où les différentes données ethno-linguistiques pourront établir des corrélations sémantiquement pertinentes grâce à l’adoption de la philosophie du Web 3.0 (Web sémantique).
Place names are rich in symbolic meanings, and their shared knowledge may be regarded as an evidence of the cohesion of a community; as it often happens, however, the official place names, fixed over time through writing, are very far from those normally used inside the community, especially when linguistic minorities are dealt with. Nowadays, the Italian laws on the safeguarding and promotion of minority languages allow to add the local place name alongside the official one; yet, in the Occitan-speaking valleys of Piedmont, the language policies have been lacking coordination, the Occitan identity being an unresolved issue all over the area. After a survey of the most telling activities, some critical issues of toponymic policies will be discussed in light of the medium adopted, the writing system employed, and the relationship between oral language and written language.
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