Background: Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder worldwide. Carbamazepine is one of the most commonly used antiepileptic drugs. It is a hepatic cytochrome P 450 enzyme inducer which is thought to cause alteration of serum lipids. Objective: To evaluate the effect of carbamazepine on serum cholesterol and atherogenic ratios in young adult epileptic patients. Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted in the epilepsy clinic and Neurology OPD of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from December, 2017 to March, 2019. A total fifty seven newly diagnosed epileptic patients fulfilling the study criteria were studied. Serum TC, HDL-C, TG was measured by using Beckman Coulter- AU680 analyzer machine and LDL-C was calculated according to the Friedewald formula in the laboratory of Department of Biochemistry, BSMMU. Results: The mean (±SD) serum TC, LDL, TG, TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C were significantly increased (p-value < 0.001) at 3 months of carbamazepine therapy in comparison to the baseline levels. The mean (±SD) serum HDL was decreased at 3 months of therapy which was not statistically significant (p-value: 0.135). Conclusion: Carbamazepine caused significant rise in serum TC, LDL-C, TG and atherogenic ratios (TC/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C), and insignificant reduction in the serum HDL-C level after three months of therapy. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2018; Vol. 34 (1): 32-38

Background: Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) is considered as an immune mediated inflammatory disease of peripheral nerves and nerve roots. Herpes viruses like CMV, EBV, HSV and VZV infections are associated with GBS. The aim of the study was to identify the presence and frequency of different Herpes virus genome by PCR assay in CSF of GBS patients Methods: An observational, cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, BSMMU, and Dhaka. A total 50 (fifty) admitted GBS patients were included after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. About 2 ml of CSF was taken for detection of viral nucleic of CMV, EBV, HSV1, HSV2, VZV and HHV6 by Multiplex PCR method. Results: Herpesviridae genome in CSF of study population was present in 9 (18%) patients. Maximum 3 (33.3%) cases were HSV1, EBV and HSV2 found in 2 (22.2%) patients, CMV and VZV in 1 (11.1%) patient respectively. AMAN (66.6%) was the most frequent electrophysiological pattern; followed by AIDP (33.3%), mean CSF protein was (159±81) mg/dl and mean cell count was (2±3)/cmm in these patients. Herpes virus genome positive group patients were more disabled and received definitive treatment more than the others. Conclusion: Herpesviridae genome was present in CSF of GBS especially in early collected CSF sample. Antiviral drugs might have a role in treating GBS patients having Herpes virus genome in CSF. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2018; Vol. 34 (1): 39-44

Background: Migraine is a disabling primary headache disorder and metabolic syndrome is a major escalating public-health challenge worldwide. They share some common pathophysiology. But till date, their relationship is obscure. Methods: This study was conducted in headache clinic and inpatient-outpatient department of Neurology and Biochemistry laboratory of BSMMU, from June 2017 to February 2019. In these age-sex matched case control study, 30 migraine patient and equal number non migraine volunteer were taken according to inclusion exclusion criteria. Waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured among all. Results: In this case control study, 24 women and 6 men were taken in both case and control groups, with mean age (±SD) of 32 (±7.77) and 30 (±8.46) years respectively. Metabolic syndrome was significantly higher among migraineurs (36.7% in case and 13.3% in control group respectively, p=0.037). Patient with metabolic syndrome had 3.763 times more chance of having migraine then person without metabolic syndrome [p=0.037, OR=3.763, 95% C.I. (1.038-13.646)]. Conclusion: There is an association between metabolic syndrome and migraine. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2018; Vol. 34 (1): 17-24