Abstract:This study offers an integrated process for treatment and recycling of tannery waste, it has a dual purpose. First the activated carbon (AC) has been prepared from leather shaving (LS) and goat hair (GH) by physical activation. Both the raw material and the prepared activated carbon were analyzed by DTG, TGA, and SEM. The adsorption tests of methylene blue (MB) and iodine onto the raw material and the prepared adsorbent were carried out and it was found that the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon was enhanced by the physical activation. The AC was then characterized by BET surface area and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The BET surface area was found to be 491.05 and 242.60 m 2 /g for ACs prepared from LS and GH respectively and the functional groups on the adsorbent surface were mainly CN, NH, OH, CO and CS. Secondly, the performance of the prepared AC was assessed by adsorption of chrome (VI) from a synthetic solution, and then the chrome (III) present in the tanning effluent. The results revealed a decrease of chromium by 78% and 73% for the activated carbons prepared from (LS) and (GH), respectively.

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Activated carbon based oil palm shells were prepared by physical activation using steam which was further grafted with silver. The Response Surface Methodology (Doehlert design) was used to optimize both the impregnation of silver and the atrazine removal. The effects of three variables of preparation conditions of the composite activated Carbon-Silver (AC-Ag): Concentration of silver, impregnation temperature and impregnation time on the atrazine removal (Y 1 ) was investigated on one hand. In another hand, three variables of atrazine removal from liquid phase: Temperature, pH and ratio of Atrazine/CaCl 2 (r(Atraz/CaCl 2 )) on the adsorption capacity of atrazine (Y 2 ) were also investigated. Based on the Doehlert designs, the quadratic models were developed to correlate the preparation variables and the adsorption variables to the response. The optimum conditions of preparation of AC-Ag were found to be: Concentration of silver of 0.063 mol/L, impregnation temperature of 223˚C, impregnation time of 1.3 hand atrazine removal of 384.62 mg/g. The optimum conditions of atrazine adsorption were found to be: Temperature of 25.0˚C, pH of 7.7 and r(Atraz/CaCl 2 ) of 0.37 which gave 209 mg/g of atrazine adsorption capacity. These results demonstrated that the preparation and adsorption conditions have a significant influence on the removal of atrazine.

Activated carbon is an effective adsorbent widely used in industry due to its high surface area, well-developed reproducible microporous structure, and high degree of surface reactivity and adsorption capacity. World consumption of activated carbon is steadily increasing. It is primarily used in industrial wastewater and gas treatment. and also for silver and gold recovery from cyanide solutions (Syna and