Aims The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of nurses' work‐related variables and colleague solidarity on their job motivation. Background The motivation of nurses is an important measure in effective and efficient provision of health care services. Methods The sample of this descriptive study included 172 nurses working at a private hospital in Turkey. The Colleague Solidarity Scale for Nurses, Nurses' Job Motivation Scale, and Demographic and Work‐Related Variables Questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation and backward multiple regression analysis. Results There was a positive correlation between the scores on the Colleague Solidarity Scale for Nurses and the Nurses' Job Motivation Scale (r: .56, p < .001). Of the nine independent variables evaluated in the multiple regression analysis, five had a significant effect on the job motivation of nurses (R2: .39, p < .001, Durbin–Watson: 2.12). Conclusion The results of the study show that the three sub‐dimensions of the Colleague Solidarity Scale for Nurses, salary and career opportunities were important factors affecting job motivation. Implications for Nursing Management In order to increase nurses' job motivation, nurse managers should work to improve collegial solidarity, create career opportunities and develop salary policies.

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Implant periapical lesion (IPL), an inflammatory lesion surrounding the apex of a dental implant, has been previously reported as a possible cause for implant failure. This article describes 2 successive cases of active IPL that were diagnosed early by clinical signs and radiologic findings. Lesions were treated surgically with implant removal and debridement. The etiology, findings, and treatment approaches for IPL are discussed in comparison with other reports.

Objective: Liposomal cancer treatment strategies are useful in removing the side effects that were the main concern in recent years. In this study, we prepared microbubble (MBs) conjugated with DOX-loaded liposomes (DOX-loaded MBs) and investigated their effectiveness in in vitro breast cancer cells in two dimensions (2D) and three dimensions (3D).Materials and Methods: With this aim, breast cancer cells with different features (4T1, MDA-MB231, MCF-7) were growth in 2D and 3D dimensions. The cytotoxic and cell death effects under different conditions, durations and doses were evaluated with WST-1, trypan-blue, colony counts. Apoptotic effects were investigated with flow cytometric Annexin-V-PI and immunohistochemical (Ki-67, caspase 3, 8, 9) methods.Results: After free DOX and LipoDOX were applied, the proliferation index of three cell lines reduced. Intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways were activated in both 2D and 3D models. However, this effect was observed at lower levels in the 3D model due to the difficulty of diffusion of DOX into the spheroids. Additionally, the suitability of the 3D model for breast cancer cells was supported by formation of ductus-like structures and spheroids. Cell deaths were not observed significantly with the DOX-loaded microbubbles due to rising of MBs to the surface and not reaching spheroids held in matrigel of 3D model. Conclusion:DOX and LipoDOX showed anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects in breast cancer cells. However, these effects indicated variability depending on the cell lines and 2D or 3D model types.