A quasi-discrete Hankel transform (QDHT) is presented as a new and efficient framework for numerical evaluation of the zero-order Hankel transform. A discrete form of Parseval's theorem is obtained for the first time to the authors' knowledge, and the transform matrix is discussed. It is shown that the S factor, defined as the products of a truncated radius, is critical to building the QDHT.

Dispersion stability of nanoparticles in the liquid media is of great importance to the utilization in practice. This study aims to investigate the effects of mechanical dispersion method on the dispersibility of functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles in the transformer oil. Dispersion methods, including stirring, ultrasonic bath, and probe processes, were systematically tested to verify their versatility for preparing stable nanofluid. The test results reveal that the combination of ultrasonic bath process and stirring method has the best dispersion efficiency and the obtained nanofluid possesses the highest AC breakdown strength. Specifically, after aging for 168 h, the size of nanoparticles in the nanofluid prepared by the combination method has no obvious change, while those obtained by the other three paths are increased obviously.

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Increasing atmospheric CO 2 can decrease seawater pH and carbonate ions, which may adversely affect the larval survival of calcareous animals. In this study, we simulated future atmospheric CO 2 concentrations (800, 1500, 2000 and 3000 ppm) and examined the effects of ocean acidification on the early development of 3 mollusks (the abalones Haliotis diversicolor and H. discus hannai and the oyster Crassostrea angulata). We showed that fertilization rate, hatching rate, larval shell length, trochophore development, veliger survival and metamorphosis all decreased significantly at different pCO 2 levels (except oyster hatching). H. discus hannai were more tolerant of high CO 2 compared to H. diversicolor. At 2000 ppm CO 2 , 79.2% of H. discus hannai veliger larvae developed normally, but only 13.3% of H. diversicolor veliger larvae. Tolerance of C. angulata to ocean acidification was greater than the 2 abalone species; 50.5% of its D-larvae developed normally at 3000 ppm CO 2 . This apparent resistance of C. angulata to ocean acidification may be attributed to their adaptability to estuarine environments. Mechanisms underlying the resistance to ocean acidification of both abalones requires further investigation. Our results suggest that ocean acidification may decrease the yield of these 3 economically important shellfish if increasing CO 2 is a future trend.

This paper focuses on the effect of nanoparticle surface modification on the charge transport characteristics in XLPE/SiO 2 nanocomposites. A titanate coupling agent (TC9) and a 3-(Methacryloyloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH570) were used for the surface modification of SiO 2 nanoparticles. It was found that both KH570 and TC9 coupling agents improve the nanoparticle dispersion compared with unmodified SiO 2 nanoparticles. The improvement in dispersion was found to be due to increased surface hydrophobicity of the treated SiO 2 nanoparticles. In addition, it was found that the surface modification improved the DC conductivity, dielectric characteristics, and space charge properties as compared to XLPE or XLPE/SiO 2 nanocomposites without surface modification. The results of the TSC measurements showed that the introduction of SiO 2 nanoparticles into XLPE increased the trap density and produced more trap energy levels. Improving the nanoparticle dispersion was found to further increase the corresponding trap depth and trap density. The trapped homocharge formed an independent electric field and reduced the effective electric field, which reduced charge injection and increased the charge injection barrier height. Therefore, the space charge formation in the material bulk was suppressed.