ResumenEn este articulo efectuo una lectura de nuevas identidades de genero que pueden percibirse en algunos discursos recientes, desde aquellos provenientes del movimiento 15M a otros aparecidos en medios de comunicacion deportivos. Explorare en unos casos identidades construidas desde la voluntariedad de hablantes que apuestan por la capacidad performativa de las lenguas para subvertir la realidad; en otros casos se tratara de manifestaciones inconscientes o semiconscientes de nuevas subjetividades que inscriben el genero en sus discursos de forma creativa, hasta hace poco insolita. Analizare especificamente tres fenomenos de inscripcion del YO en el lenguaje: el femenino universal, el asterisco o X de la comunidad intersex y la apropiacion del masculino gramatical como marca profesional por algunas mujeres. Tras describir las identidades que producen cada uno de los tres fenomenos, me preguntare por su trascendencia en la materialidad del genero social y en la (inestable) estructura del genero gramatical en espanol.
AbstractIn this paper I interpret new gender identities produced in recent discourses, such as statements by members of the Occupy Movement in Spain (15M), or commentaries that have appeared in the sports media. In some cases, I explore identities emerging from the willingness of speakers who bet on the performative ability of language to subvert reality. In other instances, identities are the unconscious manifestations of new subjectivities which inscribe gender in their discourses in an unusual creative way. I specifically analyse three ways to inscribe the T in language; the universal feminine; the asterisk and the X used by the intersex community; and the appropri ation of the masculine grammatical gender by some women as a professional mark. After describing the identities constructed by the three linguistic phenomena, I examine the relevance of these phenomena to the material conditions of social gender and in the (unstable) structure of grammatical gender in Spanish.Este trabajo ha sido subvencionado por una beca del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovation
After more than two decades of non-sexist linguistic policies in Spain, a survey was carried out to evaluate the positive or negative attitude of almost 500 students from two Madrid universities to the most controversial verbal forms advocated in Spanish non-sexist linguistic policies: 1) the use of @ (as in alumn@s [students]); 2) the use of dual gender (as in alumnos y alumnas [studentsmasc and students-fem]); 3) the use of feminine terms for some women's professional titles and occupations (i.e. ingeniera [engineer-fem], bedela [caretaker-fem], arquitecta [architect-fem], médica [physician-fem], aparejadora [quantity surveyor-fem], gerenta [manager-fem], perita [expert-fem], cancillera* [chancellor-fem]); 4) the use of non-sexed collective nouns (as in profesorado [teaching staff]). Our aims were to know to what degree these resources were accepted by highly-educated young people, whether differences exist between the attitudes of men and women with respect to these forms, and which of these uses was the best accepted and which the least. Various examples of these non-sexist uses were presented to university students, who were asked to make a pronouncement on the feeling which these gave them or whether they used them. Our study concluded that the @ symbol and collective nouns are widely accepted among the student community. The dual gender seems to be also accepted, although greater vacillation was seen and sometimes the levels of rejection or indifference are higher. Nevertheless, of the four uses studied, the one which appears to provoke the greatest hesitation, vacillation or even opposition is the use of the feminine for some names of professions. In general, the number of female students in favour of the four features studied exceeds the number of male students.
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