We present an overview of self-report scales for measuring schizotypy and a review of factor-analytical studies of these scales. These studies show that schizotypy is a multidimensional construct consisting of three or four factors. Positive Schizotypy, Negative Schizotypy, Nonconformity, and possibly Social Anxiety/Cognitive Disorganization. Clinical and external validation studies provide support for the construct validity of the Positive Schizotypy and Negative Schizotypy factors, but as yet fail to support the Nonconformity and Social Anxiety/Cognitive Disorganization factors. In accordance with this multidimensional structure, the scales for measuring schizotypy can be classified as factor-specific scales. We consider the striking similarities between the multidimensionality of schizotypal traits and the multidimensionality of schizophrenic symptoms. We also look at the similarities and differences between schizotypy and normal personality traits. Some practical and theoretical implications of these relationships are discussed.

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It is unknown to what degree dimensions of schizotypy (subclinical psychosis) show independent, family-specific variation in the general population. Psychologists administered the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences, the Structured Interview for Schizotypy-Revised (SIS-R), and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale to 257 subjects pertaining to 82 general population families. All 3 instruments showed family-specific variation for positive and negative subclinical psychosis dimensions with between-families proportions of total variance between 10% and 40%. However, only the SIS-R showed family-specific variation of the negative dimension independent of its correlation with the positive dimension. The positive dimension of subclinical psychosis shows familial-specific variation in samples unselected for psychiatric disorder, suggesting dimensional liability in the population. The SIS-R additionally captures family-specific variation in the negative domain.

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