Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil with high oleic acid (>75%) has increased oxidative stability and health benefits that are valuable for food, fuel, and industrial products. It has been determined that two naturally occurring mutations in genes FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B can combine to produce high oleic soybeans. The objective of this study was to test the effect of these mutant alleles on seed yield and oil and protein concentration. Molecular markers assisted in the creation of a population of 48 BC3F2:4 lines (93.75% expected genome commonality). Each line was classified into one of four genotypic groups where both FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B genes were either homozygous wild type or mutant, respectively. Twelve lines for each genotypic group were evaluated in three replications at six locations across Tennessee. There was no seed yield difference between the high oleic genotypic group and the other groups (P < 0.05). On the other hand, there were differences in fatty acid profiles and oil and protein concentrations. In combination, the mutant FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B alleles produced a mean of 803.1 g kg−1 oleic acid. This is, on average, approximately 500 g kg−1 more oleic acid compared to soybean lines with only one mutant FAD2‐1 allele. The high oleic double mutant group had more total oil (228.0 g kg−1) and protein (401.0 g kg−1) compared to all other genotypic groups (P < 0.05). Overall, this specific combination of mutant FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B alleles appears to generate conventional high oleic soybeans without a yield drag.

There is a known negative correlation between soybean [Glycine max [L.] Merr.] seed protein and oil and between protein and yield. This challenges breeders to increase protein concentration while maintaining oil concentration and yield. The objective of this study was to determine if marker-assisted selection for the Danbaekkong (Dan) protein allele on chromosome 20 influences seed yield and quality traits in near isogenic genetic backgrounds. A population of 24 F 7 -derived near isogenic lines (NIL) of soybean was created by crossing G03-3101 × LD00-2817P. The 24 NIL consisted of 12 wild type (WT) and 12 mutant Dan type lines. These NIL were grown in 2016 and 2017 field seasons in replicated field trials in nine environments, with six in Tennessee and one each in Arkansas, Missouri, and North Carolina. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in yield, protein, and oil concentrations between the two experimental groups. The Dan group had significantly (P < 0.05) more protein (421 g kg −1 ), less oil (192 g kg −1 ), and lower yield (3143 kg ha −1 ) than the WT group (390 g kg −1 protein, 210 g kg −1 oil, and 3281 kg ha −1 yield). These results support previous research and corroborate the overall negative genetic correlations. Nevertheless, seed yield of several higher-protein Dan lines exceeded seed yield of lower protein WT lines MC-2, MC-3, MC-6, and MC-10. The higher-protein lines represent genetic resources for reducing the negative correlation between protein and yield.Keywords Danbaekkong Á Soybean protein Á Soybean yield Á Soybean oil Á Marker-assisted selection J Am Oil Chem Soc (2019) 96: 927-935.

The use of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is widespread, with applications in food, fuel, livestock feed, and industrial products. We developed a soybean population of 239 F 4 -derived recombinant inbred lines (RIL) from the cross "5601T" × U99-310255 to estimate the heritability and genetic gain for seed protein, oil, and yield, and to assess the utility of making selections for these important traits. Heritability estimates on an entry means basis for protein (0.78), oil (0.65), seed yield (0.38) varied by trait with regard to genetic influence. Genetic gain was calculated for each trait at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% selection intensities. With the genetic gain that was obtained through the selections for each trait, some lines excelled above that of the checks and parents in this population. The second and third highest yielding selections (56U99-081 and 56U99-244) are notable in producing 50.2% and 49.8% meal protein, respectively, while maintain high yields above the high-yielding parent, 5601T. Seeking balance for these important soybean traits is essential for breeders looking to make optimal improvements for the wide variety of soybean uses. Further research on this population could prove to be of value to breeding programs wishing to increase seed yield, oil, and protein.

No abstract

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar ' TN15-5007' (Reg. no. CV-535, PI 692131) is a conventional (non-genetically modified) cultivar released by the Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station in 2019 on the basis of high seed yield in Tennessee, the Mid-South, and southeastern regions of the United States. It was developed to create a high-yielding cultivar with high meal protein. TN15-5007 was developed from 1 of 3,500 single plants. Progeny rows were selected using breeder's phenotypic score, which includes adapted maturity, lodging resistance, disease resistance, and pod density. TN15-5007 was a selected line and was entered in yield tests in 2015-2018. TN15-5007 has white flowers and gray pubescence. The plants have an upright growth habit with good resistance to lodging. The pods have a tan pod coat, and the seeds are yellow. The 100-seed weight is approximately 12.7 g, which was equal to that of 'Ellis' in the 2018 USDA Uniform Test. In that test, TN15-5007 matured 2 d earlier than Ellis, the same as 'AG 46X7', 1 d earlier than 'AG 4835', and 1 d later than 'AG 4632', indicating that the relative maturity of TN15-5007 is approximately 4.7, which is highly desirable for producers in Tennessee and the Mid-South region.TN15-5007 is resistant to the disease stem canker. It produced 436 g kg −1 protein and 213 g kg −1 oil on a dry weight basis and produced a very high 505 g kg −1 meal protein in the 2018 Southern Uniform Test.