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Olfactory Reference Disorder is a little explored and widely unknown phenomenon, even research has shown more interest in it during the last years. This review summarizes the existing literature and illustrates its findings with a case history. The databases PubMed, PsychNet, PsychPub, Hogrefe EContent and the Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) were searched for keywords. The identified literature shows that there is a big lack of well-designed studies concerning ORS, in all areas of its nosology. The suffering of persons with ORS, however, is really incriminating.

During the past two decades, minimally invasive endovascular procedures have changed therapeutic strategies. Such techniques have now become the method of choice for practically all vascular and aortic pathologies. This development is especially apparent in the treatment of aortic aneurysms. The purpose of this report is to provide a critical review about the current standard of care of abdominal and thoracic aorta based on an electronic Medline literature search. For elective infrarenal aneurysms, endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has become a widely accepted alternative to open repair in cases with appropriate morphology. Currently, fenestrated (FEVAR) or branched endografts offer promising short- and mid-term results in juxtarenal aneurysms, however, these techniques are complex, technically challenging, and expensive. The alternative chimney or sandwich graft technique are becoming more common because they are feasible using standard endografts. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is already the gold standard for some descending pathologies. Complex thoracoabdominal aneurysms still require open surgery in centres of excellence, whereby, total endovascular repair or hybrid procedures have proved to be feasible in such specialist centres for selected patients.

ZusammenfassungDie Olfaktorische Referenzstörung (ORS) ist ein bisher wenig erforschtes und kaum bekanntes Phänomen, welches in den letzten Jahren jedoch stärker in das Interesse der Forschung rückt. Mit diesem Übersichtsartikel sollte die bisherige Literatur zusammengefasst und mithilfe einer Kasuistik an einem Beispiel verdeutlicht werden. Für die Recherche wurden die Datenbanken Pubmed, PsychNet, PsychPub, Hogrefe EContent und die Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) nach Schlagwörtern im Abstract und in den Stichwörtern durchsucht. Die identifizierte Literatur macht deutlich, dass ein eklatanter Mangel an gut angelegten Studien zum ORS vorherrscht, der alle nosologischen Bereiche dieses Phänomens betrifft. Da der von ORS Patienten geschilderte Leidensdruck erheblich ist, wäre für eine effiziente Behandlung eine gezielte Grundlagenforschung dringend anzuregen.