ABSTRAKKetoasidosis diabetikum (KAD) merupakan komplikasi akut diabetes yang sering dijumpai dan mengancam jiwa. KAD terjadi akibat defisiensi insulin berat dan seringkali muncul sebagai gejala pertama pada penyandang diabetes yang belum terdiagnosis meski dapat juga muncul pada individu yang sudah menyandang diabetes. Beberapa keadaan yang dapat memicu KAD antara lain infeksi, infark miokard, stroke, pankreatitis, trauma, atau kepatuhan berobat yang tidak baik. Infeksi jaringan kulit seperti herpes zoster merupakan jenis pencetus yang langka pada KAD. Artikel ini akan membahas suatu kasus KAD yang dicetuskan herpes zoster. ABSTRACT Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute, life-threatening complication of diabetes which is common in daily practice.DKA is the result of severe insulin deficiency and often presents as the first symptom of an undiagnosed diabetes even though it may also appear in individuals with diabetes. Some conditions that can trigger DKA include infections, myocardial infarction, stroke, pancreatitis, trauma, or poor treatment compliance. Skin tissue infections such as herpes zoster are rare inciting factor in DKA. This article will discuss a case of DKA that is triggered by herpes zoster.
<p>Hipernatremia didefinisikan sebagai kondisi kadar natrium plasma lebih dari 145 mmol/L. Penyebab hipernatremia bisa dari kehilangan air atau peningkatan kadar natrium. Kehilangan air dapat berupa kehilangan air saja seperti pada keadaan diabetes insipidus atau kehilangan cairan hipotonik seperti pada kehilangan air dari ginjal, gastrointestinal, ataupun kulit. Peningkatan kadar natrium biasanya akibat pemberian cairan hipertonik yang kurang tepat atau iatrogenik. Diagnosis berdasarkan durasi hipernatremia, identifikasi penyebab kehilangan cairan, penilaian status volume, dan osmolaritas urin. Tatalaksana meliputi koreksi penyebab dan koreksi defisit air.</p><p>Hypernatremia is defined as a condition with a plasma sodium level of more than 145 mmol/L. The cause of hypernatremia can be from water loss or increased sodium level. Loss of water can be in the form of water loss alone, such as in diabetes insipidus or hypotonic fluid loss such as loss of water from the kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, or skin. Increased sodium level is usually the result of improper administration of hypertonic fluids. Diagnostic approach to hypernatremia is based on the duration of hypernatremia, identification of the cause of fluid loss, assessment of volume status, and urine osmolarity. Treatment includes correction of the underlying cause and correction of free water deficits.</p><p> </p>
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