Self-driving vehicles are a maturing technology with the potential to reshape mobility by enhancing the safety, accessibility, efficiency, and convenience of automotive transportation. Safety-critical tasks that must be executed by a self-driving vehicle include planning of motions through a dynamic environment shared with other vehicles and pedestrians, and their robust executions via feedback control. The objective of this paper is to survey the current state of the art on planning and control algorithms with particular regard to the urban setting. A selection of proposed techniques is reviewed along with a discussion of their effectiveness. The surveyed approaches differ in the vehicle mobility model used, in assumptions on the structure of the environment, and in computational requirements. The side-by-side comparison presented in this survey helps to gain insight into the strengths and limitations of the reviewed approaches and assists with system level design choices. VIConclusions 23 References 23 * The first two authors contributed equally to this work.
In autonomous multirobot systems one of the concerns is how to prevent collisions between the individual robots. One approach to this problem involves finding coordinated trajectories from start to destination for all the robots and then letting the robots follow the preplanned coordinated trajectories. A widely used practical method for finding such coordinated trajectories is "classical" prioritized planning, where robots plan sequentially one after another. This method has been shown to be effective in practice, but it is incomplete (i.e., there are solvable problem instances that the algorithm fails to solve) and it has not yet been formally analyzed under what circumstances is the method guaranteed to succeed. Further, prioritized planning is a centralized algorithm, which makes the method unsuitable for decentralized multirobot systems. The contributions of this paper are: a) an adapted version of classical prioritized planning called revised prioritized planning with a formal characterization of a class of instances that are provably solvable by this algorithm and b) an asynchronous decentralized variant of both classical and revised prioritized planning together with a formal analysis showing that the algorithm terminates and inherits completeness properties from its centralized counterpart. The experimental evaluation performed in simulation on realworld indoor maps shows that: a) the revised version of prioritized planning reliably solves a wide class of instances on which both classical prioritized planning and popular reactive technique ORCA fail and b) the asynchronous decentralized implementation of classical and revised prioritized planning finds solution in large multirobot teams up to 2x-faster than the previously proposed synchronized decentralized approach. Note to Practitioners-Consider a large warehouse in which the goods are stored and retrieved by autonomous mobile robots. One way to deal with possible collisions between the robots is to ignore interactions between the vehicles during the route planning for each robot and handle the conflicts only during the route execution. However, such an approach is prone to deadlocks, i.e., to situations during which some of the robots mutually block each other,
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