The application of discrete choice models (e.g., logit, probit) to study modal choice in passenger transportation has had a wide acceptance in the literature. However, little success had been reported on the application of these models to study the demand for freight transportation. This is mainly because in freight transportation a model that merely attempts to explain the choice of mode without taking into consideration other related factors, such as shipment size, is only one part of a complete model. Another type of models known as inventory-based models, which takes these factors into consideration, has been developed and applied with a greater success. However, the data requirement of these inventory models has hampered their applicability, especially in situations with limited data on goods movement. This paper presents a new approach to study the demand for intercity freight transportation. The model proposed in this paper utilizes the strength of discrete choice models (e.g., probit) in explaining the process of mode choice as one part of a complete model. The complete model is presented as a joint discrete/continuous choice model for the choices of mode and shipment size. The model is practical in that it requires the same amount and quality of data that would be required to develop a standard disaggregate mode choice model, and it can be estimated using simple two-stage estimation methods which utilizes standard probit maximum likelihood and ordinary least squares estimation techniques. Key words: disaggregate, freight transportation, maximum likelihood, mode, model, probit, shipment.

This paper summarizes the results of a study conducted to evaluate the behaviour of recycled asphalt pavements with respect to low-temperature cracking. For this purpose, a recycled mix consisting of 45.2% reclaimed materials and 54.8% virgin materials as well as a virgin control mix were used in the research program. In the design of both mixes, their initial properties were kept as close as possible to each other to allow for a proper comparison between recycled and virgin asphalt pavements. Using mix properties that were determined experimentally in the laboratory, thermal stresses resulted from drop in temperature and the expected cracking temperatures were determined for both mixes. An experimental analysis based on laboratory tests that consider the pavement properties only as well as a more complete theoretical analysis based on a finite element computer program known as FETAB were included in this study. The program incorporates subgrade parameters, as well as pavement properties and thickness. Using these variables as inputs to the program, the expected performance of recycled and virgin asphalt pavements of various thicknesses and resting on different types of subgrade, with respect to low-temperature cracking, was studied. The results of the study indicated that recycled asphalt pavements would perform better than virgin asphalt pavements of similar initial properties. Key words: asphalt, finite element, low-temperature cracking, reclaimed, recycled, thermal stresses.

This paper deals with a park-and-ride commuting system designed mainly for servicing urban work trips. A methodology is presented to define the demand for a fixed park-and-ride station location and this procedure is extended for estimating the demand for park-and-ride at any location along a transportation route. A process is suggested for locating one or more stations in such a way that the cost of the system to the commuters and the community is minimized. The models developed in this analysis are applied to a case study area and the results are compared with those derived from the planning models of other researchers.Le prCsent texte traite du systtme de stationnement de dissuasion conGu principalernent pour les trajets ayant comme destination les lieux de travail en milieu urbain. On prksente une mdthodologie pour dCfinir la demande et ainsi localiser les stations fixes pour les stationnements de dissuasion tout point d'un parcours. Une methode est suggCr6e pour localiser un ou plusieurs de ces stationnements de fqon a minimiser le coDt du systeme tant aux utilisateurs qu'i la communautC. Les modeles dCveloppts dans cette analyse sont appliques a un cas particulier et les rCsultats sont cornparks a ceux qui sont dCrivCs des modeles dCveloppCs par d'autres chercheurs.[Traduit par la revue]Can. J. Civ. Eng. 10, 695-702 (1983)

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This research was undertaken to study the combined effect of repeated vehicle loads and low temperatures on the design thickness for both recycled and virgin asphalt pavements. It included three parts of work: theoretical analysis, laboratory tests, and computation. In the theoretical analysis, the finite layer method was used instead of the conventional layered theory to obtain the relationship between vehicle loads and the mechanical parameters in the pavement layers. In the laboratory tests, the behaviour of a recycled asphalt concrete mix consisting of 42% reclaimed and 58% new material was compared with that of a virgin asphalt concrete mix of similar characteristics. Finally, a computer program FPAVE was developed to determine the pavement thicknesses directly and conveniently. These thicknesses were then plotted in the form of curves for comparing the two types of pavements as well as for comparison with the thickness at 22 °C. Key words: asphalt pavement, fatigue, pavement design, recycling, temperature.