Through this research, our main focus was: to investigate the biochemical brain metabolites (NAA-N-acetylaspartate, GABA-Gama-Aminobutyric Acid, Asp-Aspartate, CR-Creatine, Gln-Glutamine, GPC-Glicerophosphocholine, PC-Phosphocholine, PCr-Phosphocreatine, Tau-Taurine, N-MDA-N-Metyl-D-Aspartate, Serine, Glicine, Cho-Choline); the neuroimagistic, the brain biochemical and metabolic abnormalities in children and adolescents with epilepsy before and after treatment; to review the main antiepileptic medication administered to these patients; and to make some correlations with the results obtained through Magnetic Resonance (MR) Spectroscopy, for further proper early detection and intervention in children and adolescents with epilepsy. Our research was performed between 2010-2017, involving 45 children and adolescents with epilepsy. Also, the patients were evaluated through MR Spectroscopy at baseline and after pharmacotherapy. Through the MR Spectroscopy, we investigated key aspects of the brain function and metabolism. The antiepileptic medication was chosen according to the guides and the type of epileptic seizures. The efficacy of the chosen therapy was evaluated through the change of the relevant MR spectroscopy biochemical brain metabolites. Our results, showed statistically significant modified values and concentrations of the biochemical cerebral metabolites. Our research was a proof, which the evaluation of the biochemical brain metabolites through MR Spectroscopy is of high clinical utility in prevention, early detection and intervention in epilepsy in children and adolescents.

The authors present their intraoperative and postoperative experience in using intramuscular infiltrations with analgesic and anesthetic substances as pain control methods in patients that undergo hip surgery: arthroplasty or hemiarthroplasty. A total of 30 patients that have undergone either an elective total hip arthroplasty surgery or hemiarthroplasty of the hip following a hip fracture, since May 2018 until August 2018. The patients were divided in two equal groups, one group that followed through the protocol and one control group. The intramuscular infiltrations were administered intraoperatively at the timeline of the muscle suture and contained: Bupivacaine 10 mL + Morphine 1 mL + Methylprednisolone 40mg. Postoperative protocol used the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 for measuring the postoperative pain control. Intraoperative intramuscular infiltrations, with an analgesic and anesthetic cocktail consisting of Bupivacaine, Morphine and Methylprednisolone, for patients that are going through hip surgery are safe to use with very good results in terms of postoperative pain control. We reduced the consumption of opioids and analgesic drugs, which indirectly leads to decreased direct cost per patient. Another important benefit was an early active mobilization of the patient, with shorter hospitalization time. All things considered, using regional anesthesia and multimodal pain management techniques may lead to a nearly painless hip surgery.

The aim of this study was to assess the basic biochemical and clinical characteristics of patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), office blood pressure (BP) and 24-h BP profile, their risk factors and associated comorbidities. Compared with non-diabetics, hypertensive patients with T2DM were older, with a longer duration of hypertension (5.9 vs. 4.7 years), greater office blood pressure and ambulatory BP values, increased incidence of multiple risk factors, target organ damage and cardiovascular disease. Biochemical data in hypertension with T2DM revealed significantly high levels of LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, micro- and macro-albuminuria and a reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate. The presence of diabetes was associated with obesity, represented by a BMI ]30 kg/m2 (OR 2.08 [95% CI 1.26-3.45], p = 0.004), abdominal obesity (OR 1.85 [95% CI 1.11-3.04], p = 0.016), high LDL cholesterol (OR 2.02 [95% CI 1.22-3.35], p = 0.006) and high triglycerides (OR 1.86 [95% CI 1.11-3.11], p = 0.017).

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vivo biological potential of new azetidine-2-one derivatives of ferulic acid (6a–f). First, the in vivo acute toxicity of azetidine-2-one derivatives of ferulic acid on Swiss white mice was investigated and, based on the obtained results, it can be stated that the studied derivatives belong to compounds with moderate toxicity. The in vivo anti-inflammatory potential of these derivatives was determined in a model of acute inflammation induced by carrageenan in rats and in a chronic inflammation model induced in rats using the granuloma test. In the acute inflammation model, all the studied compounds had a maximum anti-inflammatory effect 24 h after administration, which suggests that these compounds may be classified, from a pharmacokinetic point of view, in the category of long-acting compounds. The most active compound in the series was found to be compound 6b. In the case of the chronic inflammation model, it was observed that the studied compounds (6a–f) reduced the formation of granulation tissue compared to the control group, having an intense effect of inhibiting the proliferative component. The most important inhibitory effect of inhibiting the proliferative component was recorded for compound 6b. Additionally, the investigation of liver function was performed by determining the serum levels of liver enzymes aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and bilirubin (total and direct). The results showed that, in the series of azetidin-2-one derivatives, the liver enzymes concentration values were close to those recorded for the reference anti-inflammatories (diclofenac sodium and indomethacin) and slightly higher compared to the values for the healthy control group. At the end of the experiment, the animals were euthanized and fragments of liver, lung, and kidney tissue were taken from all groups in the study. These were processed for histopathological examination, and we noticed no major changes in the groups treated with the azetidine 2-one derivatives of ferulic acid compared to the healthy groups.

The duration of LOV diet has impact only on SOD activity. Further researches, both in vitro and in vivo, are necessary to understand the underlying molecular mechanism.