Pojmovi gnosticizam i pelagijanizam poznati su teolozima, povjesničarima, religiolozima, filozofima i drugim istraživačima humanističkoga područja. Kao pojedinačne pojmove možemo ih od vremena do vremena čuti i u kolokvijalnom govoru, posebice izvedenicu agnosticizam ili agnostik. Do pobudnica pape Franje ova dva pojma bila su vezana uz crkvene hereze s početaka života Crkve. Članak, u povijesni kontekst ove hereze smješta Papin govor o gnosticizmu i pelagijanizmu kojeg započinje svojom pobudnicom Evangelii gaudium, a proširuje ga u pobudnici Gaudete et exsultate. Nakon kratkog prikaza klasične uporabe ovih pojmova i problematike koja se uz njih veže, kao i Papine interpretacije ovih pojmova, članak odgovara na pitanje jesu li ovi pojmovi uistinu »zapreka« na putu svetosti ili izvor konfuzije.

The soul–body–mind problem is an age–old question. Ever since Plato and pre– Stoics, many philosophers have tried to answer the questions of dependence and relationship between these “parts”. This paper is an overview of the theory of holons proposed by Arthur Koestler and its later implications in modern cinema, specifically the anime Ghost in the Shell. There are many issues that are current and related to the mind–body problem that arise from modern cinema and TV shows, but are usually neglected. In these shows and movies, we can find modern ideas about cyborgs and transhumanism, which were popularized by the mentioned anime. Most modern shows are closer to transhumanism and postmodernism and will therefore be mentioned only by name. Another issue that arises from modern cinema is individualism and egocentrism that is not focused on the transcendental or even the transcendent. The intention of this paper is to show that using Koestler’s ideas of holons we need to take into consideration a broader approach to transhumanism, and that it should not be focused only on the individual.

Scholars from various fields have studied the translations of the Bible in different languages to understand the changes that have occurred over time. Taking into account recent advances in deep learning, there is an opportunity to improve the understanding of these texts and conduct analyses that were previously unattainable. This study used deep learning techniques of NLP to analyze the distribution and appearance of names in the Polish, Croatian, and English translations of the Gospel of Mark. Within the scope of social network analysis (SNA), various centrality metrics were used to determine the importance of different entities (names) within the gospel. Degree Centrality, Closeness Centrality, and Betweenness Centrality were leveraged, given their capacity to provide unique insights into the network structure. The findings of this study demonstrate that deep learning could help uncover interesting connections between individuals who may have initially been considered less important. It also highlighted the critical role of onomastic sciences and the philosophy of language in analyzing the richness and importance of human and other proper names in biblical texts. Further research should be conducted to produce more relevant language resources, improve parallel multilingual corpora and annotated data sets for the major languages of the Bible, and develop an accurate end-to-end deep neural model that facilitates joint entity recognition and resolution.