Cells from the mesenchymal lineage in the dental area, including but not limited to PDL fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and dental stem cells, are exposed to mechanical stress in physiological (e.g., chewing) and nonphysiological/therapeutic (e.g., orthodontic tooth movement) situations. Close and complex interaction of these different cell types results in the physiological and nonphysiological adaptation of these tissues to mechanical stress. Currently, different in vitro loading models are used to investigate the effect of different types of mechanical loading on the stress adaptation of these cell types. We performed a systematic review according to the PRISMA guidelines to identify all studies in the field of dentistry with focus on mechanobiology using in vitro loading models applying uniaxial static compressive force. Only studies reporting on cells from the mesenchymal lineage were considered for inclusion. The results are summarized regarding gene expression in relation to force duration and magnitude, and the most significant signaling pathways they take part in are identified using protein-protein interaction networks.

The aim of the study:The aim of the study was clinical and cytological examination of gingival changes in smokers and non-smokers. Further, specific goals of this study were health promotion in patient, particularly in smokers.Methods:The anamnesis was taken and clinical examination was conducted on the patients who came on Dental Clinic. During the clinical examination, plaque index (Pl)16, gingival index Löe-Silness (Gi) and the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN)17 were done. After diagnosis was established, participants divided into group I –smokers, and group II – non-smokers. The gingival smears were taken for cytological analysis, dried on air, and stained by haematoxylin-eosin method.Results:The values of gingival index (GI)- Löe-Silness and periodontal index (CPITN) were higher in the group of smokers, but plaque index was also higher with statistically significant difference of their values between examined group, with maximum level of significance (p<0,001). The size of nucleus (area, Ferret’s diameter and perimeter) was higher in the group of smokers, but differences were not statistically significant. In the group of non-smokers density of nucleus was higher than in non-smokers group, but difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion:The values of examined indices showed higher values in smokers group. This finding could show that the level of oral hygiene is higher in the non smokers group. The size of nucleus (area, Ferret’s diameter and perimeter) was higher in the group of smokers, but differences were not statistically significant. Teamwork of many different speciality experts is required for better periodontal health of smokers.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology characterized by synovial hyperplasia and resulting joint destruction. Despite reduced needs for total joint arthroplasty in the treatment of end-stage damage of the hip and knee in RA, many patients still require hip and knee arthroplasty to restore the hip function and quality of life.We present the surgical treatment of young RA patient with bilateral total hip and bilateral knee arthroplasty at the Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Clinical Center Niš. Male patient with seropositive RA was implanted with bilateral total hip and knee over a period of 4 years (2008 to 2011). At the time of the first left hip arthroplasty, the patient was 32 years old. Surgical treatment in all arthroplasty procedures passed without complications. At the control examination 3 years after the last surgery, the patient was walking without mobility aids. His walk was safe and stable. The postoperative scars on hips and knees were stable, with no signs of inflammation. The flexion of the knees was possible till 110 degrees, and the extension to the full capacity.The patient resumed his work and life activities, and now he works as a game warden. He normally performs everyday activities, including climbing to the watchtower.Total hip and knee arthroplasty in rheumathoid arthritis patients with advanced joint destruction is a successful solution.

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