As a response to current global trends in the field of higher education and studies, the attitude has become prevalent in the European Commission and among member states of the European Union (EU) that major reforms are required to help European higher education successfully compete under the conditions of globalization and a knowledge-based economy. Studies focused on student personal success and citizenship education are inseparable from technological advancement and international mobility opportunities, the integration of top international teachers, collaborative studies with students from various countries, as well as other factors that can help prepare open, tolerant, creative and well-prepared graduates. The quality of research and education remains a priority in European higher education. University management must be based on community spirit, the autonomy of academic units, as well as on a results-oriented approach leading toward greater efficiency and financial stability. The aim of the present article is to examine the effects of management innovations in higher education using the case of Mykolas Romeris University, as this learning institution was one of the first in Lithuania to apply the modern study management methods. The research goal is to determine whether or not there is a difference between general higher education trends in Lithuania and the trends observed at MRU. Descriptive statistical methods were applied in the data analysis, with the relations of the data, the indexes as well as speed of change calculated. Strength among links is assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The article analyses the use of modern innovation management methods that have helped the university survive in the difficult conditions of greater competition and reduced state funding.

In this article, the problem of terrorism is discussed in view of the peculiarities of legal nature. The phenomenon of terrorism is being analyzed by scientists in the political, economic, socio-psychological point of view and more attention is paid to the legal theoretical characteristics of this phenomenon. A more detailed analysis of terrorism in the article shows that use of concept of terrorism, regardless of reasons for this, makes the fight against terrorism an ideological tool, posed together as a growing threat to human rights. Furthermore, this article analyzes the reasons of terrorism and provides tendencies for further development of global terrorism. When there is no clear definition of terrorism and its causal relations are acceptable to all, questions concerning the scope of the fight against terrorism arise. In this case, we cannot be sure that modern democratic countries use the correct definition of terrorism in all cases and do not violate the human rights when fighting against terrorists. Even more doubts about the actions of democratic countries participating actively in fight against terrorism arise. The uncertainty of terrorism concept is being used to conceal violations of the human rights.

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While analysing constitutions of various countries in the legal literature, typically not only the form and the content but also the structure of the constitution is discussed. The structure of the constitution is an internal organisational order of the norms of the constitution. Although every state’s constitution has a unique structure, certain regularities can be discerned. The analysis of the structure of various constitutions leads to the conclusion that normally each constitution consists of the following standard structural parts: the preamble, the main part, the final, transitional or additional provisions, and in some constitutions there can also be annexes. The article confirms that most constitutions begin with an introductory part, the preamble. Only the constitutions of several countries (e.g. Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Greece) contain no preamble. The preamble reflects the historical context and the circumstances of the adoption of a constitution, names the goals of the constitutional regulation, fortifies the values to be attained, declares the key political principles or even the fundamental human rights and freedoms, etc. Often the preamble reveals the methods of adoption of a constitution. The preamble is an important structural part of the constitution that helps to understand the established constitutional regulation. The principles enshrined in it can be considered a significant argument for the constitutional justice institutions while solving the case of whether the law or any other legal act in question contradicts the constitution. The preamble is not only a political, ideological, and/or philosophical category; it undoubtedly also carries a legal burden, therefore it is considered to have legal validity. Preambles are characterized as having a so-called higher style; they are usually formulated not in compliance with the requirements of legal technique.

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