The aim of this prospective study was to compare the outcome of orthodontic therapy using two different therapeutic strategies: the labial straightwire (SW) technique and the lingual two-dimensional (2D) technique on the lower dental arch. The sample included 50 subjects (39 females and 11 males) with a complete dentition and an Angle Class I malocclusion with crowding who were treated non-extraction. The subjects were divided into two groups: group A, consisted of 25 patients (19 females and 6 males), who were treated with the lingual 2D technique, and group B, 25 patients (20 females and 5 males) treated using the labial SW appliance (Roth system). Changes in the position of the lower incisors to the A-Po and mandibular lines were measured on cephalograms and those in the transverse and sagittal planes on individual sectors of the dental arch from 2D images of model casts obtained before and after the active phase of orthodontic treatment. Standard statistical methods were used for evaluation. Both methods (when used with appropriate indications) showed comparable results. The lingual 2D technique also represents an aesthetically favourable solution for adult patients.

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AIM: To detect post-treatment change in the inclination and position of incisors in cases treated with orthodontic non-extraction therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The group consisted of 102 patients without extractions in lower and upper dental arch during orthodontic treatment. Cephalogram examination evaluated the position of the lower incisor to point A by Downs-pogonion line (-1 to APo) and inclination of the lower incisor to mandibular line (-1 to ML), position of the upper incisor to nasion-pogonion line (+1 to NPo), inclination of the upper incisor to nasion-sella line (+1 to NS) and the size of the inter-incisival angle between upper and central lower incisor (-1 to +1). RESULTS: In 58 % of cases, the difference in post-treatment and pre-treatment changes in the position of the (-1 to Apo) was within ± 2 mm, which we considered stable. Statistically signifi cantly higher values after treatment were in unstable rather than in stable cases with values (-1 to Apo), (-1 to ML), (+1 to NPo). Statistically signifi cantly lower value after the treatment was measured in unstable cases rather than in stable cases with a value (-1 to +1). There was no statistically signifi cantly different value in stable and unstable cases after treatment in values (+1 to NS). CONCLUSION: The number of stable post-treatment cases was only 16 % higher than the number of unstable cases. With the increasing value (-1 to Apo), the value (-1 to ML) and (+1 to NPo) increased, the value (+1 to -1) decreased. The value (-1 to NS) not after treatment was not statistically signifi cantly different in stable and unstable cases (Tab. 6, Fig. 4, Ref. 27). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

AIM: The aims of our research were as follows: 1) Description of changes in the position of the upper and lower lips, as a result of the change in the position of upper and lower incisors after orthodontic treatment of malocclusion of Class II, division 2 type. 2) Determination of correlation between changes in the position of lips and incisors in the profi le of the face after orthodontic treatment of malocclusion of Class II, division 2 type. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our study analyses the documentation of 115 patients with malocclusion of Class II, division 2 type treated with a fi xed orthodontic appliance in the upper and lower dental arches at the Orthodontic Department of the Clinic of Dentistry in Olomouc from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2017. There were 78 women and 37 men aged 11 to 36 years included in the database. Cephalometric images of patients from the group taken before and after the treatment were used for the purpose of cephalometric analysis according to Kamínek (1) and Burstone's analysis (2) of soft tissues. Subsequently, all output data were processed statistically. RESULTS: While the protrusion of the incisors after treatment of malocclusion of Class II, division 2 type was 3 mm, the facial profi le showed statistically signifi cant changes in soft tissues in the ventral direction by 1 mm on average just in the area of the upper and lower lips, which means a shift corresponding to one third of teeth movement. CONCLUSION: A statistically signifi cant change in the position of incisors, soft tissues as well as correlation between changes in hard and soft tissues in the face profi le after orthodontic treatment of malocclusion of Class II, division 2 type were demonstrated. The more the incisors were inclined, the more the lips moved forward, and the patient's profi le turned out to be aesthetically improved (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 39).

Background: For many years, the prophylactic use of antibiotics in patients with heart diseases associated with a high risk of infective endocarditis (IE) was a common practice. In patients with artificial valves, the morbidity and mortality in the occurrence of IE reaches several dozen percent. Currently, the only treatments that require IE prophylaxis are dental procedures. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess IE prevention awareness among dentists and patients with artificial valves. Material and methods: We analyzed 48 patients (26 men and 22 women) after artificial valve implantation. The time since their surgery was 4.5 ±1.5 years. Twenty-nine patients (67.4%) had an artificial aortic valve, 19 (39.6%) had a mitral valve. Mean age was 67.5 ±6.2 years. Information on IE prophylaxis was obtained during routine outpatient visits. Questionnaires concerning IE prophylaxis were distributed among 35 dentists. Results: Forty-one patients (85.4%) were aware of the need for IE prophylaxis, of whom 28 (68.2%) identified only dental pro cedu res as requiring IE prevention, while 14 patients (34.1%) included gastroscopy, colonoscopy, and coro na rography in this category, and 18 patients (43.9%) identified amoxicillin as the recommended antibiotic. Fifty-four (98.2%) dentists indicated that patients with artificial valves require IE prophylaxis, while 41/55 (74.5%) indicated amoxicillin or ampicillin as the recommended prophylactic agent. All the dentists saw the need for IE prophylaxis before tooth extraction; 50 (90.9%) -during root canal treatment; 50 (90.9%) -during procedures around the gingiva. 10 respondents (18.2%) did not recommend IE prophylaxis before tooth implantation; 10 (18.2%) -before removing tartar. Conclusions: The large majority of patients with artificial heart valves are aware of the need for IE prevention. The knowledge