A new methodology for the synthesis of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for large production is proposed. The as-obtained CQDs can be transformed into 3D porous carbon frameworks exhibiting superb sodium storage properties with ultralong cycle life and ultrahigh rate capability, comparable to state-of-the-art carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries.

Ion occupation and migration pathways are investigated to explore the ion-migration mechanism of Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 with the help of first principles calculations. Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 with a NASICON framework generates high performances as a cathode material in sodium-ion batteries.

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Due to the high theoretical capacity of 946 mAh g(-1), Sb2S3 can be employed as promising electrode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, the sodium storage behaviors of one-dimensional (1D) Sb2S3-based materials (Sb2S3 and Sb2S3@C rods) are successfully studied for the first time, displaying good cyclability and rate capability owing to their unique morphology and structure. Specifically, the Sb2S3@C rods electrode presents greatly enhanced electrochemical properties, resulting from the introduction of thin carbon layers which can effectively alleviate the strain caused by the large volume change and simultaneously improve the conductivity of electrode during cycling. At a current density of 100 mA g(-1), it delivers a high capacity of 699.1 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles, which corresponds to 95.7% of the initial reversible capacity. Even at a high current density of 3200 mA g(-1), the capacity can still reach 429 mAh g(-1). This achievement may be a significant exploration for develpoing novel 1D Sb-based materials or metal sulfide SIBs anodes.

N-doped TiO2 decorated with C-dots shows superior rate capability and extended battery life when utilized in Li-ion and Na-ion batteries.