Lung cancer and glioma are common malignancies worldwide and pose a serious threat to human health. There may be a certain correlation between lung cancer patients and glioma patients in serum composition, but to date, no study on the classification and correlation of lung cancer and glioma is available. In this paper, the differences and relationships between lung cancer and glioma were analyzed from serum Raman spectra. The existing detection methods of lung cancer and glioma are time consuming and expensive, so we propose a method based on patient serum Raman spectra combined with deep learning, which can screen lung cancer and glioma accurately with speed and low cost. In this study, features were extracted from the original spectral data of patients with lung cancer, glioma, and control subjects. By adding different decibels of white Gaussian noise to the training set for data enhancement, the enhanced training set data were imported into a multilayer perceptron (MLP), recursive neural network (RNN), convolutional neural network (CNN), and AlexNet using fivefold cross‐validation to build the diagnostic model. The results show that PLS‐AlexNet is the best model. The accuracy of this model in the binary classification experiment of lung cancer and control subjects, lung cancer and glioma, and glioma and control subjects were 99%, 95.2%, and 100%, respectively, and the experimental accuracy of the AlexNet triclassification algorithm is also above 85%. This method has great potential in clinical diagnosis of diseases.

Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most serious cancers threatening human health. Histopathological examination is the gold standard for qualitative and clinical staging of lung tumors. However, the process for doctors to examine thousands of histopathological images is very cumbersome, especially for doctors with less experience. Therefore, objective pathological diagnosis results can effectively help doctors choose the most appropriate treatment mode, thereby improving the survival rate of patients. For the current problem of incomplete experimental subjects in the computer-aided diagnosis of lung cancer subtypes, this study included relatively rare lung adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) samples for the first time, and proposed a computer-aided diagnosis method based on histopathological images of ASC, lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Firstly, the multidimensional features of 121 LC histopathological images were extracted, and then the relevant features (Relief) algorithm was used for feature selection. The support vector machines (SVMs) classifier was used to classify LC subtypes, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to make it more intuitive evaluate the generalization ability of the classifier. Finally, through a horizontal comparison with a variety of mainstream classification models, experiments show that the classification effect achieved by the Relief-SVM model is the best. The LUSC-ASC classification accuracy was 73.91%, the LUSC-SCLC classification accuracy was 83.91% and the ASC-SCLC classification accuracy was 73.67%. Our experimental results verify the potential of the auxiliary diagnosis model constructed by machine learning (ML) in the diagnosis of LC.

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Medical image fusion can combine information from multi-modality images and express them through a single image. How to design a fusion method to preserve more information becomes a hot topic. In this paper, we propose a novel multi-modality medical image fusion method based on Synchronized-Anisotropic Diffusion Equation (S-ADE). First, the modified S-ADE model which is more suitable for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (CT) images is employed to decompose two source images. We get the base layers and texture layers. Next, the ''Maximum Absolute Value'' rule is used for base layers fusion. On texture layers, the fusion decision map is calculated by New Sum of Modified Anisotropic Laplacian (NSMAL) algorithm which is designed using common decomposition coefficients by anisotropic diffusion. Furthermore, the consistency check is constructed on the decision map to mitigate the staircase effect. After that, the fused image is obtained by a simple linear combination of layers. Finally, the fused MR/CT image is obtained after image correction. Its aim is to eliminate redundant texture information which is from MRI images in the contour part. The extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method preserves much information as well as guarantees image quality and visual effects. It outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in terms of subjective and objective evaluations. INDEX TERMS Anisotropic diffusion, medical image, multi-modality image fusion, synchronism.