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Objective To estimate the incidence of sport‐related sudden cardiac death due to ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in competitive young Aboriginal sportsmen. Setting Northern Territory (NT), 1982‐1996. Design Retrospective case series with cases identified from Australian Bureau of Statistics cause‐of‐death listings and NT coronial autopsy records. Main outcome measures Circumstances and incidence of sport‐related sudden cardiac deaths due to IHD; autopsy findings. Results Between 1982 and 1996, there were eight sudden cardiac deaths due to IHD and related to sporting activity among Aboriginal sportsmen aged 15‐37 years in the NT. Six were associated with games of Australian (rules) football. All occurred in the Top End of the NT in the wet season, and all occurred after the first half, or within an hour of, a game. Four of the players had macrosopic myocardial abnormalities (hypertrophy or previous infarcts) on autopsy. The estimated incidence of I HD‐related sudden cardiac death among Aboriginal Australian football players in the NT was 19‐24 per 100 000 player‐years, compared with 0.54 per 100000 player‐years among Australian rules footballers of similar ages in Victoria. Conclusions Incidence of sudden cardiac death attributable to underlying IHD was extremely high among young NT Aboriginal Australian footballers. Prevention will best be achieved by funding culturally appropriate long‐term strategies to reduce the incidence of IHD. However, in the short‐term, community‐controlled programs with education of athletes, heat‐stress reduction strategies, and cardiovascular screening should reduce the incidence of sudden cardiac death in sport.

Evofosfamide, also formerly known as TH-302, is an investigational hypoxia-activated prodrug and is used to target cancerous cells under hypoxic conditions, which is a feature possessed by multiple solid tumors including pancreatic tumors. Gemcitabine, a cytotoxic agent, has for many years been the standard first-line treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer in patients. In recent years, combination chemotherapeutic therapies have provided a new avenue for molecular targeting by increasing the probability of eliminating the cancer and minimizing the likelihood of resistance. We have evaluated multiple studies in an effort to shed light on an emerging prodrug, evofosfamide, which operates by selectively targeting the tumor hypoxic compartment. A web-based literature search was performed through PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords 'evofosfamide', 'TH-302,' and 'pancreatic tumor.' Of the available results, 53 relevant studies were reviewed and summarized. Chemotherapeutic agents such as evofosfamide, which targets tumor hypoxia, are new agents against cancer cells. Current experience with these agents is limited as additional and longer prospective studies are needed to further evaluate the clinical efficacy and postmarketing safety profile.