Purpose: A relationship between the distribution of periodontal bacteria species and malodor in children has not been sufficiently investigated. The present study was undertaken to determine the presence of 3 periodontopathic bacteria (Prevotella spp. P. intermedia, P. nigrescens, P. melaninogenica) in the supragingival plaques of 3 to 16-year-old children with different oral health conditions and oral malodor. Methods: The number of decayed and filled primary teeth (df) and Decayed, Missing and Filled permanent teeth (DMF),Papillary Marginal and Attached gingivitis (PMA) index, Oral Hygiene Index (OHI), and oral malodor of each subject were determined prior to the collection of supragingival plaques. Three periodontopathic bacteria(P. intermedia, P. nigrescens, P. melaninogenica ) in supragingival plaques were detected by using an immunoslot blot assay with monoclonal antibodies specific for each microorganism. Findings: The frequencies of periodontopathic bacteria in children with and without caries were not significantly different from each other. Positivity for P. intermedia, but not for P. nigrescens or P. melaninogenica was correlated with oral malodor. Oral malodor was also correlated with the debris index, a component of OHI. The group with the higher OHI showed a higher prevalence of periodontopathic bacteria. For the 3 periodontopathic bacteria in the subjects tested, plaques positive for any of them were not age related. However,the frequencies of all 3 periodontopathic bacteria were the highest in the 3-6-year olds. Conclusion: The supragingival plaques in children can harbor 3 species of periodontopathic bacteria, P. intermedia,P. nigrescens, and P. melaninogenica.

The thyroid gland of normal specimens of the teleost, Seriola quinqueradiata, about 50-70 cm in length, obtained in April, were studied with the electron microscope. The apical surface of the follicular cell is irregular i n outline and has fewer microvilli than that in higher vertebrates. The rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum is well developed throughout the cytoplasm of the follicular cell, as in the higher vertebrates, and free ribosomes are widely distributed in the matrix of the cytoplasm.In all the follicular cells, there are several less dense or moderately dense droplets which are considered to be derived from Golgi elements. In some droplets occur aggregates of numerous wavy, fine filaments and crystal consisting of groups of thick needle-like fibrils. Each fibril is 110-120 A in diameter and composed of three layers comprising a less dense layer 3 5 4 0 A thick, between two layers 35540 A in thickness. Dense granules such as those commonly found in the higher vertebrates were not observed in the thyroid cell of this fish, though a few round or oval bodies, which might be lysosomes, containing small vesicles, membranous structures, or wrapped whorled lamellae were noticed.The fine structure of the pericapillary region is similar to that of the higher vertebrates, though the endothelial pores are not observed.Numerous papers of the fine structure of the thyroid gland of mammals (Monroe, '53; Braunsteiner et al

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