Fog computing reduces the latency induced by distant clouds by enabling the deployment of some application components at the edge of the network, on fog nodes, while keeping others in the cloud. Application components can be implemented as Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) and their execution sequences can be modeled by a combination of sub-structures like sequence, parallel, selection, and loops. Efficient placement algorithms are required to map the application components onto the infrastructure nodes. Current solutions do not consider the mobility of fog nodes, a phenomenon which may happen in real systems. In this paper, we use the random waypoint mobility model for fog nodes to calculate the expected makespan and application execution cost. We then model the problem as an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) formulation which minimizes an aggregated weighted function of the makespan and cost. We propose a Tabu Search-based Component Placement (TSCP) algorithm to find sub-optimal placements. The results show that the proposed algorithm improves the makespan and the application execution cost.

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Mobile video surveillance applications have become ubiquitous and are used in both civilian and military settings. They enable the capture, storage and transmission of video images over the Internet or other networks. This paper proposes a novel system architecture for mobile video surveillance applications. We leverage the 3GPP 4G Evolved Packet Core (EPC) to enable features such as guaranteed quality of service (QoS), which is not possible with the Internet, and even differentiated QoS, which is not possible with the other networks currently used in mobile video applications. The key components of our proposed architecture are the service development platform (SDP) and the machine to machine (M2M) gateway. The SDP enables the development and management of QoSenabled mobile video surveillance applications. The M2M gateway enables interactions with the M2M devices, such as motion detectors and cameras. We have built a prototype with the Fraunhofer Fokus OpenEPC as 3GPP 4G EPC infrastructure and three AXIS network cameras as M2M devices. The architecture is presented along with the prototype. Related work is also reviewed.

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