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Background: Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) leads to cellular immune deficiency and theoretically patients infected with HIV are susceptible to brucellosis. Objectives: The current study aimed to determine brucellosis rate in the patients infected with HIV. Patients and Methods: We included 89 HIV + patients from Sanandaj Consultation Center for Behavioral Diseases. Patients signed informed written consent before filling out the questionnaire. After serum collection, standard Wright tube, Coombs-Wright and 2ME-Wright tests were performed. Moreover, blood samples obtained from 502 individuals, who were not infected with HIV, were served as the control. Results:The mean age of participants in the experimental and control groups were 33.31 ± 7.47 and 34.38 ± 11.29 years, respectively. In the Wright tube test for the HIV + group, 71 individuals (79.8%) did not have an antibody against Brucella spp., while 18 patients (20.2%) were positive for the antibody. According to the results of Wright tube test for the control group, 63 (12.5%) participants were positive for antiBrucella antibody. The frequency of antibody against Brucella spp. in the HIV + group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P = 0.042). Conclusions: HIV positive individuals in areas endemic for brucellosis must be investigated for the disease.

The present study is devoted to construction of new antibacterial and anti-fungal agent based on combination of in situ synthesized silver nanoparticles with plants extract, while through a green synthesis Ag-NPs were synthesized at room temperature using Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract. In this study, hydroalcoholic extracts have been used for with Ultrasonic method. Ultrasonication has recently received attention as a novel bioprocessing tool for process intensification in many areas of downstream processing. Antimicrobial activities of T. daenensis and S. marianum extracts in the presence and absence of Ag-NPs was investigated at concentrations between 12.5-50 mg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive organisms), Escherichia coli (Gram-negative organisms), and fungal strains were Aspergillus oryzae, Candida albicans. Antimicrobial activity determined using agar disc diffusion method reveal that activities of Ag-NPs/T. daenensis were superior to Ag-NPs/S. marianum and extracts (T. daenensis and S. marianum). Medicinal plant extracts is able to synthesis the Ag-NPs as an eco-friendly and inexpensive method in large scale. The extract/Ag-NPs has good antibacterial and antifungal activity that candidate them as potential tool to combat against rapidly increasing antibiotic resistance. Antioxidant content of the extracts was also determined and demonstrated the highest antioxidant activities associated with the shoot of Thymusdaenensis (Total phenolic content: 198.71 ± 1.50 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of dried extract, DPPH: 48.80 ± 0.59 % inhibition and Total Flavonoid Content: 172.42 ± 1.43 mg rutin equivalents (RuE)/g of dried extract).