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     Hydatid Cysts were obtained from 15 cows from liver, lung, spleen, heart, and peritoneal cavity, between December 2014 and October 2015. Hydatid cysts (protoscoleces) were used for deoxyribonucleic acid extraction by using mechanical grinder. The purification of mtDNA was done by (promega kit, USA). The mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) genes was used as targets for polymerase chain reaction amplification, all hydatid cysts yielded amplification products. Polymerase chain reaction product for NADH1 800 basic pair. The polymerase chain reaction products were purified and partial sequences were generated. The sequences obtained were found to align with corresponding region for ND1 gene in the Gene Bank nucleotide database confirming to genotype of sheep strain (G1) in Iraq, Phylogenetic analysis of partial sequence data from ND1 genes for obtained Phylogenetic tree. G1 genotype was the most common taxon and the actual source of infection of Iraqi's cattle. All of 15 strains were G1 genotype (sheep strain) based on the partial sequences of NADH dehydrogenase 1 (ND1).

Hydatid Cysts were obtained  from liver, lungs, spleen, heart, and peritoneal cavity of 15 cows, from different Iraqi regions  between December 2014 and October 2015. Hydatid cysts (protoscoleces) were used for mitochondrial DNA extraction by using mechanical grinder, and the purification of mtDNA was done by (promega kit, USA). "The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene" was used as target for "polymerase chain reaction (PCR)" which successfully amplified the targeted this gene with 450 bp. The PCR products were purified and partial sequences were determine. The obtained sequences were aligned with the corresponding region of co1 gene in the Gene Bank nucleotide database to confirm the infection with hydatid cyst sheep strain (G1) in Iraq. The amplified CO1 targeted region was analyzed to obtain the  phylogenetic tree. G1 genotype was the most common strain and the actual source of infection of  Iraqi's  cattle. All of 15 samples were G1 strain (sheep strain) according to  the partial sequences of (CO1) genes.

Sheep and goat pox (SGPX) are systemic transmissible viral diseases characterized mainly by skin and internal lesions. This work aimed to provide the first molecular detection of sheep pox virus (SPV) in Iraq. Sheep pox virus (SPV) is a widely spread skin viral disease in Iraqi sheep and is associated with the formation of benign and malignant lesions in adult and young animals, resulting in notable economic losses in sheep and goat. In the current study, 24 sheep pox samples were collected from sheep from central Iraq. These samples were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, and sequence analysis. Sheep pox virus DNA was detected in 18 of the samples (75%) in Iraqi sheep as the main causative agent for the disease. A partial sequence for the SGP P32 gene was deposited in Gene Bank. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of SPV-Iraqi isolate and showed that the origin of infection may be imported from India, china and USA sheep. This study presents the first report of SPV-infection in the Iraqi sheep and gives to spreading the knowledge of the origin of this disease. The results of this study will assist in the development of appropriate prophylaxis procedures and therapeutic measures.