Highly oriented and transparent ZnO thin films have been fabricated on ultrasonically cleaned quartz substrates by the sol-gel technique. X-ray diffraction, UV-VIS, FTIR, photoluminescence and SEM are used to characterize ZnO thin films. X-ray diffraction study show that all the films prepared in this work have hexagonal wurtzite structure, with lattice constants a = b = 3.260 Å, c = 5.214 Å. The optical band gap energy of the thin films is found to be direct allowed transition ~3.24 eV. The FTIR spectrum of the film has the characteristics ZnO absorption band at 482 cm^?1. The photoluminescence spectrum of the samples has an UV emission peak centred at 383 nm with broad band visible emission centred in the range of 500 - 600 nm

The absorbent polymers or hydrogel polymer materials are those that have an enhanced water retention capacity and are widely used in agriculture and medicines. The controlled release of bioactive molecules...

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Electrically conductive polycarbazole−titanium dioxide nanocomposite (PCz/TiO 2 ) have been synthesized for the first time by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of carbazole (Cz) in the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles. FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD, TGA, and DTA were used to characterize PCz/TiO 2 nanocomposites. The characterization results confirmed that there is a strong interaction between PCz and TiO 2 nanoparticles and the nanocomposites showed higher thermal stability than pure PCz. The composite showed electrical conductivity and isothermal stability in terms of DC electrical conductivity retention under ambient condition below 100 °C. A nanocomposite-based sensor was fabricated for the detection of aqueous ammonia, it was found that the resistivity of the nanocomposites increases on exposure to ammonia at room temperature (25 °C), and it showed a linear relationship between the responses and the concentration of ammonia. The comperative antimicrobial activities of PCz, its PCz/TiO 2 -7 nanocomposite and ciprofloxacin drug with different bacteria have also been studied.

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