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Objectives Lower levels of inflammatory cytokines and higher levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines are associated with increased life expectancy. However, the effects of regular physical activity on these cytokines in postmenopausal women have not been investigated very well. Methods & Materials Fifteen active and 15 inactive postmenopausal women (aged between 50-60 years) were recruited randomly. The exclusion criteria included chronic diseases, smoking, and surgeries in the past year. Also, more than a year should have passed since all subjects experienced natural menopause. Active postmenopausal women should have regular physical activity included walking, jogging, and resistance exercises and they should have performed these exercises three times a week within the past 6-12 months. After 12 hours of fasting, blood samples were taken in rest. Blood sample was centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 5 minutes, and the serum was frozen and stored at -80°C until biochemical analyses were performed. Independent t test was used to compare quantitative variables, and α level for statistical significance was set at P≤0.05. Results Regular physical activity brings about a significant decrease in C-reactive protein, significant increase in IL-15 and non-significant increase in IL-10 in active postmenopausal women in comparison to inactive postmenopausal women. Conclusion Regular physical activity may result in lower incidence of chronic diseases in postmenopausal women via decreased inflammatory cytokines and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines and could, therefore, play a role in higher life expectancy. . Cytokines of IL-10 and IL-15 may contribute in reducing the risk of disease and increasing longevity among the elderly. Given that little or contradictory research has been carried on the effect of regular exercise on cytokines, the present study aimed to study the resting cytokine levels of CRP, IL-10 and IL-15 in physically active postmenopausal women and compare it with sedentary postmenopausal women. A B S T R A C T Methods & MaterialsThis study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Qazvin Islamic Azad University. In order to select physically active postmenopausal women, the sports clubs and gyms in Karaj were visited, and notifications and questionnaires were distributed for the purpose of cooperation in research. About 89 questionnaires were completed; of them, 22 subjects were in the age range of 50-60 years and were thus excluded from the study. Some notifications were distributed in the gathering places of old women and public places in order to select sedentary postmenopausal women. Finally, 52 people volunteered out of which 17 were eligible. The exclusion criteria were having chronic diseases, smoking, and surgeries in the past year. Also, more than a year should have passed since all subjects experienced natural menopause. Active postmenopausal women should have regular physical activity, including walking, jogging, and resistance exercises and they should also have performed these exercises three times a wee...

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