Purpose: to identify the influence of the professional orientation of education and lifestyle (sports) on the indicators of psychophysiological functions and orthostatic reactions of students of various faculties of pedagogical universities. Material and methods. 812 students of pedagogical institutions of higher education of Ukraine took part in the study: 88 students of the faculty of elementary education, 76 students of history, 130 of natural sciences, 131 of foreign philology, 93 of the faculty of preschool education, 198 of Ukrainian language, 25 of the faculty of physical education and sports, 24 students from the Faculty of Arts, 47 students from the Faculty of Psychology and Sociology. Psychophysiological testing was carried out according to the Psychodiagnostics program and involved determining the speed of a simple visual-motor reaction, determining the speed of a choice of two elements out of three. During psychophysiological testing, the reaction time and the number of errors were determined for each test. The results. Students of the faculties of elementary education, preschool education, and the faculty of natural sciences have a significantly shorter reaction time in the test for a simple visual-motor reaction (p<0.05), and, accordingly, the best indicators of the mobility of nervous processes in comparison with students of other faculties of pedagogical universities. These faculties have the largest number of errors in the test for the choice of two elements out of three (p<0.05), and, accordingly, the lowest strength of nervous processes. Conclusions. Sports have a positive effect on the indicators of the strength of nervous processes according to the results of the number of errors in the reaction test for choosing two items out of three (p<0.05). Also, playing sports has a positive effect on the quality of vegetative regulation of vascular tone, which is reflected in lower values ​​of the heart rate during the transition from a horizontal position of the body to a vertical one in students who play sports (p<0.05).

Purpose: to determine the factor structure of the complex readiness of young football players 12-13 years old based on the level of development of physical qualities, mastery of technical elements and indicators of psychophysiological functions. Material and methods. Participants: 48 football players 12-13 years old participated in the study of the sports club “Kolos”, Kharkiv, Ukraine. All children started to play football in the age of 10-11, that is, the duration of football classes was 1-2 years. Research methods. The following data were determined: indicators of the level of physical preparedness, indicators of the level of technical preparedness, indicators of the psychophysiological functional state. The structure of complex preparedness was determined using factor analysis (SPSS-17, Dimension Redaction - Factor; Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis; Varimax with Kaiser Normalization). Results. In the structure of complex training of young football players aged 12-13, 4 main factors were identified: 1 - "Speed-power and technical training" (30.36% of the total dispersion); 2 - "Attention switching" (20.7% of the total variance); 3 - "Sensitivity of the nervous system" (15.4% of the total dispersion); 4 - "Mobility of the nervous system" (13.9% of the total dispersion). Conclusions.  Speed and strength, technical training in combination with switching of attention and mobility of the nervous system are dominated in the structure of complex training of young football players aged 12-13. The obtained data create conditions for recommendations in the training process of young football players aged 12-13 increase the number of exercises that require the development of speed and strength, technical training in combination with exercises to switch attention.

Aim: This study assessed the influence of performing an additional cognitive task on center of pressure (COP) displacement in the early and advanced stages of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) compared to age-matched healthy controls (HCs). Methods: The study included 40 HCs and 62 patients with PD: early PD (n = 38) and advanced PD (n = 24). COP parameters were determined by static posturography during quiet standing with open eyes (ST, single task) and simultaneous performance of a cognitive task (DT, dual task). Cognitive functioning was examined with a Mini Mental State Examination, number-counting-backward test, and number of enunciated words during DT. Results: In the advanced-PD group, DT significantly reduced the sway radius (p = 0.009), area of stabilogram (p = 0.034), medio-lateral length (p = 0.027), and velocity (p = 0.033) compared to ST. In HCs, DT showed a significant increase in the sway radius (p = 0.006), total length (p = 0.039), sway velocity (p = 0.037), anterior–posterior length, and sway velocity. Both PD groups showed worse cognitive performance compared to HCs. Conclusions: Both early and advanced patients with PD showed significant delay in cognitive performance associated with executive function compared to the HCs. During additional cognitive tasks, patients with advanced stages of PD may reduce stabilographic parameters in medio-lateral direction, and this is probably an adaptive strategy to restore balance.